Assari Shervin, Lankarani Maryam Moghani, Lankarani Reza Moghani
Center for Research on Ethnicity, Culture and Health, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, USA ; Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, USA.
Medicine and Health Promotion Institute, Tehran, Iran.
Int J Prev Med. 2013 Nov;4(11):1251-7.
This study aimed to test if ethnicity moderates the additive effects of lifetime psychiatric disorders on serious suicidal thoughts among a nationally representative sample of Black adults in the United States.
For this study, we used data of 5,181 Black adults (3,570 African Americans and 1,621 Caribbean Blacks) who participated in the National Survey of American Life, 2001-2003. Five lifetime psychiatric disorders (i.e., major depressive disorder, general anxiety disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, alcohol abuse disorder, and drug abuse) were considered as the independent variables. Lifetime serious suicidal ideation was considered as the dependent variable. Logistic regressions were used to determine if ethnicity modifies the effects of each psychiatric disorder on serious suicide ideation. Ethnicity was conceptualized as the possible moderator and socio-demographics (i.e., age, gender, education level, employment, marital status and country region) were control variables.
Among African Americans, major depressive disorder, general anxiety disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder and alcohol abuse disorder were associated with higher odds of suicidal thoughts. Among Caribbean Blacks, major depressive disorder and drug abuse disorder were associated with higher odds of suicidal thoughts. In the pooled sample, there was a significant interaction between ethnicity and anxiety disorder and a marginally significant interaction between ethnicity and drug abuse.
Based on our study, suicidality due to psychiatric disorders among Black adults in the United States may depend on ethnicity. General anxiety disorder seems to be a more important risk factor for suicidal ideation among African Americans while drug abuse may contribute more to the risk of suicidal thoughts among Caribbean Blacks.
本研究旨在检验在美国具有全国代表性的黑人成年人样本中，种族是否会调节终生精神疾病对严重自杀念头的累加效应。
在本研究中，我们使用了2001 - 2003年参与美国生活全国调查的5181名黑人成年人（3570名非裔美国人和1621名加勒比黑人）的数据。五种终生精神疾病（即重度抑郁症、广泛性焦虑症、创伤后应激障碍、酒精滥用障碍和药物滥用）被视为自变量。终生严重自杀意念被视为因变量。使用逻辑回归来确定种族是否会改变每种精神疾病对严重自杀意念的影响。种族被概念化为可能的调节变量，社会人口统计学因素（即年龄、性别、教育水平、就业、婚姻状况和国家地区）为控制变量。
在非裔美国人中，重度抑郁症、广泛性焦虑症、创伤后应激障碍和酒精滥用障碍与自杀念头的较高几率相关。在加勒比黑人中，重度抑郁症和药物滥用障碍与自杀念头的较高几率相关。在合并样本中，种族与焦虑症之间存在显著交互作用，种族与药物滥用之间存在边缘显著交互作用。
基于我们的研究，美国黑人成年人中因精神疾病导致的自杀倾向可能取决于种族。广泛性焦虑症似乎是非裔美国人自杀意念更重要的危险因素，而药物滥用可能对加勒比黑人的自杀念头风险贡献更大。
