de Klerk Rick, Vegter Riemer J K, Leving Marika T, de Groot Sonja, Veeger DirkJan H E J, van der Woude Lucas H V
Center for Human Movement Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen;
Center for Human Movement Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen.
J Vis Exp. 2020 Feb 5(156). doi: 10.3791/60492.
The use of a manual wheelchair is critical to 1% of the world's population. Human powered wheeled mobility research has considerably matured, which has led to improved research techniques becoming available over the last decades. To increase the understanding of wheeled mobility performance, monitoring, training, skill acquisition, and optimization of the wheelchair-user interface in rehabilitation, daily life, and sports, further standardization of measurement set-ups and analyses is required. A crucial stepping-stone is the accurate measurement and standardization of external power output (measured in Watts), which is pivotal for the interpretation and comparison of experiments aiming to improve rehabilitation practice, activities of daily living, and adaptive sports. The different methodologies and advantages of accurate power output determination during overground, treadmill, and ergometer-based testing are presented and discussed in detail. Overground propulsion provides the most externally valid mode for testing, but standardization can be troublesome. Treadmill propulsion is mechanically similar to overground propulsion, but turning and accelerating is not possible. An ergometer is the most constrained and standardization is relatively easy. The goal is to stimulate good practice and standardization to facilitate the further development of theory and its application among research facilities and applied clinical and sports sciences around the world.
手动轮椅的使用对全球1%的人口至关重要。人力轮式移动研究已相当成熟，在过去几十年中出现了改进的研究技术。为了增进对轮式移动性能、监测、训练、技能习得以及康复、日常生活和运动中轮椅用户界面优化的理解，需要进一步规范测量设置和分析。一个关键的垫脚石是准确测量外部功率输出（以瓦特为单位）并进行标准化，这对于旨在改善康复实践、日常生活活动和适应性运动的实验的解释和比较至关重要。本文详细介绍并讨论了在地面、跑步机和测力计测试中准确测定功率输出的不同方法及其优势。地面推进为测试提供了最具外部有效性的模式，但标准化可能会很麻烦。跑步机推进在机械上与地面推进相似，但无法转弯和加速。测力计是限制最大的，但标准化相对容易。目标是促进良好实践和标准化，以推动理论在世界各地的研究机构以及应用临床和运动科学中的进一步发展及其应用。
