Yamamoto Hayato, Takemura Masanori, Iguchi Junta, Tachibana Misato, Tsujita Junzo, Hojo Tatsuya
Graduate School of Health & Sports Science, Doshisha University, Kyoto, Japan.
Ichihashi Clinic, Kobe, Japan.
BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med. 2020 Jan 5;6(1):e000659. doi: 10.1136/bmjsem-2019-000659. eCollection 2020.
Our aim of this study was to quantify the physical demands of elite rugby union players by each position as a step towards designing position-specific training programme using a Global Positioning System/accelerometer system.
This study was performed as a retrospective observational study. Data were obtained from 45 official matches. The sample size used for the analysis was 298. The per-match total distances, accelerations and impacts were calculated and statistically compared for the forwards and backs and for individual positions.
Total distances for the forwards and backs were 5731.1±507.8 and 6392.1±646.8 m, respectively. The high-velocity running distances (>18.0 km/hour) covered by the forwards and backs were 317.4±136.9 and 715.0±242.9 m, respectively. The number of accelerations (>1.5 m/s) for the forwards and backs were 76.3±18.9 and 100.8±19.6 times, respectively, and the number of high impacts (>10 g) were 48.0±46.9 and 35.6±28.3 times for the forwards and backs, respectively. All characteristics were significantly different between the forwards and backs (p<0.05). The per-position characteristics were also calculated. Within the backs, scrum half (SH) and wingers (WTBs) covered high-velocity running significantly higher distance than fly-half (SH =2.571, WTBs =1.556) and centres (SH =1.299, WTBs =0.685) (p<0.05).
By clarifying the physical demands according to the positions, it will be possible to create optimised position-specific training programmes.
本研究旨在通过全球定位系统/加速度计系统，对精英橄榄球联盟球员按不同位置的身体需求进行量化，以此作为设计特定位置训练计划的第一步。
本研究为回顾性观察研究。数据来自45场正式比赛。用于分析的样本量为298。计算了每场比赛的总距离、加速度和撞击次数，并对前锋和后卫以及各个位置进行了统计学比较。
前锋和后卫的总距离分别为5731.1±507.8米和6392.1±646.8米。前锋和后卫的高速奔跑距离（>18.0公里/小时）分别为317.4±136.9米和715.0±242.9米。前锋和后卫的加速度（>1.5米/秒）次数分别为76.3±18.9次和100.8±19.6次，高撞击次数（>10g）分别为48.0±46.9次和35.6±28.3次。前锋和后卫的所有特征均存在显著差异（p<0.05）。还计算了每个位置的特征。在后卫中，传锋（SH）和边锋（WTB）的高速奔跑距离显著高于飞卫（SH =2.571，WTB =1.556）和中锋（SH =1.299，WTB =0.685）（p<0.05）。
通过明确不同位置的身体需求，将有可能制定优化的特定位置训练计划。
