Department of Ophthalmology, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan.
Department of Ophthalmology, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan,
Ophthalmologica. 2020;243(6):404-412. doi: 10.1159/000506747. Epub 2020 Feb 25.
To investigate the epidemiological status of diabetes mellitus (DM)-related complications in Japan.
The subjects were 3.11 million Japanese individuals who were registered in the Japanese claim database between 2005 and 2014. Subjects with a diagnosis associated with codes related to DM and/or DM-related complications as classified by the International Classification of Diseases version 10 and those who were prescribed any therapeutic agents for DM were considered to have DM. The status of ocular, renal, and neural complications was investigated.
A total of 66,923 patients with DM were included. The prevalence of subjects with DM was 3.8% in 2005 and 4.2% in 2014. The most frequent complication was diabetic retinopathy (23.6%, 95% CI: 21.7-25.5%), followed by diabetic nephropathy (14.8%, 95% CI: 14.0-15.6%) and diabetic neuropathy (4.9%, 95% CI: 4.5-5.3%). Among the subjects with ocular complications, 1.8% had proliferative diabetic retinopathy, 1.1% had diabetic macular edema (DME), 0.3% had neovascular glaucoma, and 1.5% had vitreous hemorrhage. Only DME significantly increased during the study period. The frequencies of the ocular and neural complications significantly decreased, while that of renal complications significantly increased during the study period.
Ocular complications were the most common DM-related major complications in Japan. Notably, DME significantly increased in recent years.
调查日本糖尿病（DM）相关并发症的流行病学现状。
本研究的对象为 2005 年至 2014 年间登记在日本理赔数据库中的 311 万日本个体。具有与 DM 相关的诊断，以及（或）根据国际疾病分类第 10 版相关代码分类的 DM 相关并发症的患者，以及接受任何 DM 治疗药物的患者被认为患有 DM。本研究调查了眼部、肾脏和神经并发症的发病情况。
共纳入 66923 例 DM 患者。2005 年和 2014 年，DM 患者的患病率分别为 3.8%和 4.2%。最常见的并发症是糖尿病视网膜病变（23.6%，95%CI：21.7-25.5%），其次是糖尿病肾病（14.8%，95%CI：14.0-15.6%）和糖尿病神经病变（4.9%，95%CI：4.5-5.3%）。在眼部并发症患者中，1.8%患有增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变，1.1%患有糖尿病黄斑水肿（DME），0.3%患有新生血管性青光眼，1.5%患有玻璃体积血。仅 DME 在研究期间显著增加。眼部和神经并发症的频率在研究期间显著下降，而肾脏并发症的频率显著增加。
眼部并发症是日本最常见的 DM 相关主要并发症。值得注意的是，近年来 DME 显著增加。
