Department of Health Education and Promotion, Faculty of Health, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
BMC Endocr Disord. 2021 Jan 14;21(1):17. doi: 10.1186/s12902-021-00680-2.
Diabetic retinopathy is the most common microvascular complication of diabetes and it is a leading cause of visual impairment and blindness among patients with diabetes. This study aimed to investigate the effect of educational program based on Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) on promoting retinopathy preventive behaviors in patients with type 2 diabetes.
The present study is an educational randomized controlled trial research that was conducted on 94 patients with type 2 diabetes who had gone to diabetes clinic. The samples were randomly assigned to the intervention (N = 47) and control groups (N = 47). Data collection instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire based on TPB and FBS and HbA1C tests. Then, educational program was performed for the intervention group through four educational sessions. After 3 months, data collection was repeated for the two groups and FBS, HbA1C testes were done again and data were analyzed.
The performance of the intervention group on preventive behaviors of retinopathy increased from 2.48 ± 1.42 to 4.48 45 1.45 after the education (p < 0.001). The mean of FBS and HbA1c in the intervention group also decreased after the intervention (P < 0.05).
Applying the TPB model proved is very effective in developing an educational program for patients with diabetes, to control their blood sugar and enhance preventive behaviors of retinopathy. Besides such programs, follow-up education for controlling and monitoring are highly recommended. This theory serves as a helpful theoretical framework for health-related behaviors and can be an appropriate pattern to plan for educational interventions.
This trial has been registered at Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials, IRCT20180819040834N1 . Prospectively registered 8 Apr 2019, https://en.irct.ir/trial/38401.
糖尿病视网膜病变是糖尿病最常见的微血管并发症，也是糖尿病患者视力损害和失明的主要原因。本研究旨在探讨基于计划行为理论（TPB）的教育计划对促进 2 型糖尿病患者视网膜病变预防行为的影响。
本研究是一项教育随机对照试验研究，共纳入 94 例 2 型糖尿病患者，这些患者均在糖尿病诊所就诊。将样本随机分配到干预组（n=47）和对照组（n=47）。数据收集工具是基于 TPB 和 FBS、HbA1C 测试的研究者自制问卷。然后，对干预组进行了四次教育课程的教育计划。3 个月后，对两组进行了重复数据收集，并再次进行了 FBS、HbA1C 测试，对数据进行了分析。
教育后，干预组的视网膜病变预防行为从 2.48±1.42 提高到 4.48±1.45（p<0.001）。干预组的 FBS 和 HbA1c 均值也在干预后下降（P<0.05）。
应用 TPB 模型为糖尿病患者制定教育计划，控制血糖，增强视网膜病变预防行为非常有效。除了这些方案外，还建议进行后续教育以控制和监测。该理论为健康相关行为提供了一个有用的理论框架，可以作为规划教育干预的适当模式。
该试验已在伊朗临床试验注册中心注册，IRCT20180819040834N1。前瞻性注册于 2019 年 4 月 8 日，https://en.irct.ir/trial/38401。
