International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status (ICANS), Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Via Sandro Botticelli 21, 20133 Milan, Italy.
Movimento Africa 70 NGO, Via Missori 14, 20900 Monza, Italy.
Nutrients. 2020 Feb 22;12(2):568. doi: 10.3390/nu12020568.
Diabetes is one of the main health problems among Saharawi refugees living in Algerian camps, especially for women. As is known, diet plays an important role in the management of diabetes. However, the dietary habits of Saharawi diabetic women are unknown. Therefore, we investigated the dietary habits and established their relationship with the nutritional status and glycemic profile of such women. We recruited 65 Saharawi type II diabetic women taking orally glucose-lowering drugs only. Dietary habits were investigated using qualitative 24 h recall carried out over three non-consecutive days. Anthropometric measurements were taken and blood parameters were measured. About 80% of the women were overweight and about three out of four women had uncompensated diabetes and were insulin resistant. The Saharawi diet was found to mainly include cereals, oils, sugars, vegetables (especially onions, tomatoes, and carrots), tea, and meat. Principal component analysis identified two major dietary patterns, the first one "healthy" and the second one "unhealthy". Women in the higher tertile of adherence to the unhealthy dietary pattern had a higher homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA) index (b = 2.49; 95% CI: 0.41-4.57; = 0.02) and circulating insulin (b = 4.52; 95% CI: 0.44-8.60; = 0.03) than the women in the lowest tertile. Food policies should be oriented to improve the quality of diet of Saharawi diabetic women.
糖尿病是居住在阿尔及利亚难民营中的撒哈拉难民的主要健康问题之一，尤其是对女性而言。众所周知，饮食在糖尿病管理中起着重要作用。然而，撒哈拉地区糖尿病女性的饮食习惯尚不清楚。因此，我们调查了这些女性的饮食习惯，并确定了它们与这些女性的营养状况和血糖特征的关系。我们招募了 65 名仅服用口服降糖药物的撒哈拉 2 型糖尿病女性。使用为期三天的非连续三天的定性 24 小时回忆法来调查饮食习惯。进行了人体测量学测量并测量了血液参数。大约 80％的女性超重，大约四分之三的女性患有未得到补偿的糖尿病并且胰岛素抵抗。发现撒哈拉饮食主要包括谷物，油，糖，蔬菜（尤其是洋葱，西红柿和胡萝卜），茶和肉。主成分分析确定了两种主要的饮食模式，第一种是“健康”，第二种是“不健康”。在不健康饮食模式中，遵守程度较高的女性的稳态模型评估胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA）更高（b = 2.49；95％CI：0.41-4.57； = 0.02）和循环胰岛素（b = 4.52；95％CI：0.44-8.60； = 0.03）比最低三分位数的女性高。食品政策应着眼于改善撒哈拉地区糖尿病女性的饮食质量。
