Berkov Strahil, Osorio Edison, Viladomat Francesc, Bastida Jaume
Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria.
Grupo de Investigación en Sustancias Bioactivas, Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Alimentarias, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.
Alkaloids Chem Biol. 2020;83:113-185. doi: 10.1016/bs.alkal.2019.10.002. Epub 2020 Jan 23.
The Amaryllidaceae alkaloids are a distinctive chemotaxonomic feature of the subfamily Amaryllidoideae of the family Amaryllidaceae, which consists of 59 genera and >800 species distributed primarily in tropical and subtropical areas. Since the first isolation, ca. 140 ago, >600 structurally diverse Amaryllidaceae alkaloids have been reported from ca. 350 species (44% of all species in the subfamily). A few have been found in other plant families, but the majority are unique to the Amaryllidoideae. These alkaloids have attracted considerable research interest due to their wide range of biological and pharmacological activities, which have been extensively reviewed. In this chapter we provide a review of the 636 structures of isolated or tentatively identified alkaloids from plants of the Amaryllidoideae and their classification into 42 skeleton types, as well as a discussion on their distribution, and chemotaxonomical and chemoecological aspects.
石蒜科生物碱是石蒜科石蒜亚科独特的化学分类学特征，石蒜科由59个属和800多种植物组成，主要分布在热带和亚热带地区。自大约140年前首次分离出石蒜科生物碱以来，已从约350种植物（占该亚科所有物种的44%）中报道了600多种结构各异的石蒜科生物碱。在其他植物科中也发现了少数几种，但大多数是石蒜亚科特有的。由于这些生物碱具有广泛的生物学和药理活性，它们引起了相当大的研究兴趣，相关研究已被广泛综述。在本章中，我们对从石蒜亚科植物中分离或初步鉴定的636种生物碱的结构及其分为42种骨架类型进行了综述，并讨论了它们的分布、化学分类学和化学生态学方面。
