Cen Chang-Huo, Chen Min, Jiang Lin, Hou Xiao-Hui, Gao Fei
Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China.
State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
Sheng Li Xue Bao. 2020 Feb 25;72(1):20-30.
In mammals, the gonad is composed of germ cells and somatic cells. The gonads have the potential of bidirectional differentiation before sex determination. The differentiation of somatic cells in the gonad determines the development of testis or ovary, and this process is regulated by many factors. SRY, SOX9, SOX3, SOX8, SOX10, FGF9/FGFR2, PGD2, AMH, and DMRT1 are involved in the differentiation of testis. By contrast, FOXL2, CTNNB1, RSPO1, WNT4, Follistatin, ERα/β, and BMP2 play important roles in ovary development. If these molecular regulatory networks are damaged by endogenous or exogenous factors, disorders of sex differentiation, even sex reversal, will occur. In this review, the regulation of somatic cell fate during gonad primordium formation and sex determination in mouse model was discussed.
在哺乳动物中，性腺由生殖细胞和体细胞组成。在性别决定之前，性腺具有双向分化的潜能。性腺中体细胞的分化决定了睾丸或卵巢的发育，这一过程受多种因素调控。SRY、SOX9、SOX3、SOX8、SOX10、FGF9/FGFR2、PGD2、AMH和DMRT1参与睾丸的分化。相比之下，FOXL2、CTNNB1、RSPO1、WNT4、卵泡抑素、ERα/β和BMP2在卵巢发育中发挥重要作用。如果这些分子调控网络受到内源性或外源性因素的破坏，就会发生性别分化障碍，甚至性反转。在这篇综述中，讨论了小鼠模型中性腺原基形成和性别决定过程中体细胞命运的调控。
