Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA.
Translational Addiction Research Center, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA.
Subst Use Misuse. 2020;55(7):1155-1164. doi: 10.1080/10826084.2020.1729203. Epub 2020 Feb 26.
Cannabis use is widely perceived to produce an "amotivational syndrome" characterized by reduced desire to work or compete, passivity, and lower achievement orientation. The notion that cannabis diminishes motivation has been perpetuated in popular culture, despite the equivocal results of past research. Moreover, previous literature has largely failed to consider the potentially confounding influences of depression, other substance use, and personality, despite known relationships between these variables and cannabis use. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the nature of the relationships between specific aspects of motivation and cannabis use/misuse. Moreover, we sought to determine whether depression, alcohol and other substance use, and/or personality could account for these relationships. A total of 1,168 participants completed a survey comprising self-report measures of motivation (self-efficacy, apathy, goal orientation, reward-sensitivity, and behavioral inhibition/approach systems) and cannabis use/misuse (cannabis use status, cannabis use frequency, quantity, age of onset of cannabis use, symptoms of cannabis use disorder, problematic cannabis use). The results revealed small ( < .30) but significant correlations between various aspects of cannabis use and motivation, which were largely accounted for by cannabis-related differences in depression, alcohol and other substance use, and personality. However, relationships between cannabis misuse and apathy remained statistically significant after controlling for confounds, indicating that individuals who misuse cannabis may demonstrate higher levels of apathy specifically. Collectively, these results suggest that differences in depression, substance use, and personality between cannabis users and non-users largely explain differences in motivation between these groups.
大麻的使用被广泛认为会产生一种“动机缺乏综合征”，其特征为工作或竞争意愿降低、被动和成就取向降低。尽管过去的研究结果存在争议，但大麻降低动机的观点在流行文化中仍然存在。此外，先前的文献在很大程度上未能考虑到抑郁、其他物质使用和人格等潜在的混杂因素，尽管这些变量与大麻使用之间存在已知的关系。本研究的目的是阐明动机的特定方面与大麻使用/滥用之间的关系的性质。此外，我们试图确定抑郁、酒精和其他物质使用以及/或人格是否可以解释这些关系。共有 1168 名参与者完成了一项调查，该调查包括自我报告的动机测量（自我效能感、冷漠、目标导向、奖励敏感性和行为抑制/接近系统）和大麻使用/滥用（大麻使用状况、大麻使用频率、数量、大麻使用年龄、大麻使用障碍症状、有问题的大麻使用）。结果表明，大麻使用的各个方面与动机之间存在较小（<.30）但显著的相关性，这些相关性主要归因于与大麻相关的抑郁、酒精和其他物质使用以及人格差异。然而，在控制混杂因素后，大麻滥用与冷漠之间的关系仍然具有统计学意义，这表明滥用大麻的个体可能表现出更高水平的冷漠。总的来说，这些结果表明，大麻使用者和非使用者之间在抑郁、物质使用和人格方面的差异在很大程度上解释了这些群体之间的动机差异。
