Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2020 Feb 25;15(6):833-840. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2019-0464. Print 2020 Jul 1.
During play, ice hockey goaltenders routinely dehydrate through sweating and lose ≥2% body mass, which may impair thermoregulation and performance.
This randomized, crossover study examined the effects of mild dehydration on goaltender on-ice thermoregulation, heart rate, fatigue, and performance.
Eleven goaltenders played a 70-minute scrimmage followed by a shootout and drills to analyze reaction time and movements. On ice, they either consumed no fluid (NF) and lost 2.4% (0.3%) body mass or maintained body mass with water (WAT) or a carbohydrate-electrolyte solution (CES). Save percentage, rating of perceived exertion, heart rate, and core temperature were recorded throughout, and a postskate questionnaire assessed perceived fatigue.
Relative to NF, intake of both fluids decreased heart rate (interaction: P = .03), core temperature (peak NF = 39.0°C [0.1°C], WAT = 38.6°C [0.1°C], and CES = 38.5°C [0.1°C]; P = .005), and rating of perceived exertion in the scrimmage (post hoc: P < .04), as well as increasing save percentage in the final 10 minutes of scrimmage (NF = 75.8% [1.9%], WAT = 81.7% [2.3%], and CES = 81.3% [2.3%], post hoc: P < .04). In drills, movement speed (post hoc: P < .05) and reaction time (post hoc: P < .04) were slower in the NF versus both fluid conditions. Intake of either fluid similarly reduced postskate questionnaire scores (condition: P < .0001). Only CES significantly reduced rating of perceived exertion in drills (post hoc: P < .05) and increased peak movement power versus NF (post hoc: P = .02). Shootout save percentage was similar between conditions (P = .37).
Mild dehydration increased physiological strain and fatigue and decreased ice hockey goaltender performance versus maintaining hydration. Also, maintaining hydration with a CES versus WAT may further reduce perceived fatigue and positively affect movements.
本随机交叉研究旨在探讨轻度脱水对守门员冰上体温调节、心率、疲劳和表现的影响。
11 名守门员进行了 70 分钟的混战，随后进行了点球大战和训练，以分析反应时间和动作。在冰上，他们要么不喝水（NF），体重减轻 2.4%（0.3%），要么喝水（WAT）或碳水化合物电解质溶液（CES）保持体重。整个过程中记录了保存率、感知用力程度、心率和核心温度，并在滑冰后评估了感知疲劳的问卷。
与 NF 相比，两种液体的摄入均降低了心率（交互作用：P =.03），核心温度（峰值 NF = 39.0°C [0.1°C]，WAT = 38.6°C [0.1°C]，CES = 38.5°C [0.1°C]；P =.005）和混战中的感知用力程度（事后检验：P <.04），以及在混战的最后 10 分钟提高保存率（NF = 75.8% [1.9%]，WAT = 81.7% [2.3%]，CES = 81.3% [2.3%]，事后检验：P <.04）。在训练中，与 NF 相比，运动速度（事后检验：P <.05）和反应时间（事后检验：P <.04）在 NF 中较慢。摄入任何一种液体都会使滑冰后的问卷评分（条件：P <.0001）相似地降低。只有 CES 显著降低了训练中的感知用力程度（事后检验：P <.05），并增加了与 NF 相比的峰值运动功率（事后检验：P =.02）。点球大战的扑救率在不同条件下相似（P =.37）。
与保持水合作用相比，轻度脱水会增加冰球守门员的生理紧张和疲劳感，降低表现。此外，用 CES 而不是 WAT 保持水合作用可能会进一步降低感知疲劳并对运动产生积极影响。
