设计幸福感：运用设计思维让居民参与到幸福感干预措施的开发中来。

Designing Well-Being: Using Design Thinking to Engage Residents in Developing Well-Being Interventions.

机构信息

L.R. Thomas is associate professor, Division of Hospital Medicine, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center, and Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California. R. Nguyen is assistant professor, Division of Hospital Medicine, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center, and Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, and assistant health officer, San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, California. A. Teherani is professor, Division of General Internal Medicine, and education scientist, Center for Faculty Educators, University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine, San Francisco, California. C.R. Lucey is professor, Department of Medicine and Office of Medical Education, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California. E. Harleman is professor, Division of Hospital Medicine, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center, and Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California.

出版信息

Acad Med. 2020 Jul;95(7):1038-1042. doi: 10.1097/ACM.0000000000003243.

DOI:10.1097/ACM.0000000000003243

PMID:32101932

Abstract

PROBLEM

Improving well-being in residency requires solutions that focus on organizational factors and the individual needs of residents, yet there are few examples of successful strategies to address this challenge. Design thinking (DT), or human-centered design, is an approach to problem-solving that focuses on understanding emotions and human dynamics and may be ideally suited to tackling well-being as a complex problem. The authors taught residents to use DT techniques to identify, analyze, and address organizational well-being challenges.

APPROACH

Internal medicine residents at the University of California, San Francisco completed an 8-month DT program in 2016-2017. The program consisted of four 2-hour workshops with small group project work between sessions. In each session, resident teams shared their progress and analyzed emerging themes to solve well-being problems. At the conclusion of the program, they summarized the final design principles and recommendations that emerged from their work and were interviewed about DT as a strategy for developing well-being interventions for residents.

OUTCOMES

Eighteen residents worked in teams to design solutions to improve: community and connection, space for reflection, peer support, and availability of individualized wellness. The resulting recommendations led to new interventions to improve well-being through near-peer communities. Residents emphasized how DT enhanced their creative thinking and trust in the residency program. They reported that not having enough time to work on projects between sessions and losing momentum during their clinical rotations were their biggest challenges.

NEXT STEPS

Residents found DT useful for completing needs assessments, piloting interventions, and outlining essential design principles to improve well-being in residency. DT's focus on human values may be particularly suited to developing well-being interventions to enhance institutional community and culture. One outcome-that DT promoted creativity and trust for participants-may have applications in other spheres of medical education.

摘要

问题

改善住院医师的幸福感需要关注组织因素和住院医师的个体需求的解决方案，但很少有成功应对这一挑战的策略示例。设计思维（DT）或以人为中心的设计是一种解决问题的方法，侧重于理解情感和人类动态，可能非常适合解决作为复杂问题的幸福感。作者教导住院医师使用 DT 技术来识别、分析和解决组织幸福感挑战。

方法

2016-2017 年，加利福尼亚大学旧金山分校的内科住院医师完成了为期 8 个月的 DT 计划。该计划由四个 2 小时的研讨会组成，在会议之间进行小组项目工作。在每个会议上，住院医师团队分享他们的进展并分析新出现的主题，以解决幸福感问题。在项目结束时，他们总结了从他们的工作中得出的最终设计原则和建议，并接受了关于 DT 作为为住院医师开发幸福感干预措施的策略的采访。

结果

18 名住院医师组成团队，设计解决方案以改善：社区和联系、反思空间、同伴支持和个性化健康的可及性。由此产生的建议导致了新的干预措施，通过近同行社区改善幸福感。住院医师强调 DT 如何增强他们的创造性思维和对住院医师计划的信任。他们报告说，在会议之间没有足够的时间来开展项目，并且在临床轮转期间失去动力是他们最大的挑战。