Papadakis Emmanuel, Resch Bernd, Blaschke Thomas
Department of Geoinformatics - Z_GIS, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.
Cartogr Geogr Inf Sci. 2019 Jun 6;47(1):28-45. doi: 10.1080/15230406.2019.1598894. eCollection 2020.
A long-standing question in GIScience is whether geographic information systems (GIS) facilitates an adequate quantifiable representation of the concept of place. Considering the difficulties of quantifying elusive concepts related to place, several researchers focus on more tangible dimensions of the human understanding of place. The most common approaches are semantic enrichment of spatial information and holistic conceptualization of the notion of place. However, these approaches give emphasis on either space or human meaning, or they mainly exist as concepts without practically proven usable artifacts. A partial answer to this problem was proposed by the function-based model that treats place as functional space. This paper focuses primarily on the level of composition, describing and formalizing it as a rule-based framework with the following objectives: (a) contribute to the formalization efforts of the notion of place and its integration within GIS and (b) maintain tangible properties intertwined with the human understanding of place. The operationalization potential of the proposed framework is illustrated with an example of identifying the shopping areas in an urban region. The results show that the proposed model is able to capture all shopping malls as well as other areas that are not explicitly labeled as such but still function similarly to a shopping mall.
地理信息科学中一个长期存在的问题是，地理信息系统（GIS）是否有助于对场所概念进行充分的可量化表示。考虑到量化与场所相关的难以捉摸的概念存在困难，一些研究人员专注于人类对场所理解中更具体的维度。最常见的方法是对空间信息进行语义丰富以及对场所概念进行整体概念化。然而，这些方法要么强调空间，要么强调人类意义，或者它们主要以概念形式存在，没有经过实际验证的可用工件。基于功能的模型提出了对这个问题的部分答案，该模型将场所视为功能空间。本文主要关注组成层面，将其描述并形式化为一个基于规则的框架，目标如下：（a）有助于场所概念的形式化工作及其在GIS中的整合，以及（b）保持与人类对场所的理解交织在一起的具体属性。通过识别城市区域中的购物区的示例来说明所提出框架的可操作性潜力。结果表明，所提出的模型能够捕捉所有购物中心以及其他未明确标记为购物中心但功能与购物中心类似的区域。
