Laboratory of Natural Product Bioprospecting and Biotechnology (LBPNB), Ceara State University, Department of Chemistry, Campus CECITEC, Tauá, Brazil.
Experimental Biology Nucleus (NUBEX), University of Fortaleza, Fortaleza, Brazil.
Zebrafish. 2020 Apr;17(2):112-119. doi: 10.1089/zeb.2019.1809. Epub 2020 Feb 27.
Raddi (Anacardiaceae) is popularly known in Brazil as and has pharmacological use as an astringent, antidiarrheal, anti-inflammatory, depurative, diuretic, and antifebrile agent. Although the neuropathic antinociceptive potential of fruits has already been investigated, this study is the first one to analyze the acute antinociceptive effect of the essential oil of (female) leaves (EOFSt) on adult zebrafish. EOFSt was submitted to antioxidant activity evaluation by two methods (ferrous ion-chelating capacity [FIC] and β-carotene). The animals ( = 6/group) were treated orally (20 μL) with EOFSt (0.1, 0.5, or 1.0 mg/mL) or vehicle (0.9% sodium chloride [NaCl]; 20 μL), and submitted to nociception (formalin, cinnamaldehyde, capsaicin, glutamate, acidic saline, and hypertonic saline). Possible neuromodulation mechanisms, as well motor alterations and toxicity were also evaluated. In the FIC assay, EOFSt showed ferrous ion-chelating capacity in ∼40% to 90%. Regarding the β-carotene bleaching assay, EOFSt showed inhibition in a 58% to 80% range. Oral administration of EOFSt showed no acute toxicity and did not alter the locomotor system of aZF, and reduced the nociceptive behavior in all tested models. These effects of EOFSt were significantly similar to those of morphine, used as a positive control. The antinociceptive effect of EOFSt was inhibited by naloxone, L-NAME, ketamine, camphor, ruthenium red, and amiloride. The antinociceptive effect of the EOFSt cornea was inhibited by capsazepine. EOFSt has the pharmacological potential for acute pain treatment and this effect is modulated by the opioid system, NMDA receptors, and transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1), transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1), and acid-sensing ion channels. The EOFSt also has the pharmacological potential for corneal pain treatment and this effect is modulated by the TRPV1 channel.
拉迪（漆树科）在巴西俗称 ，具有收敛、止泻、抗炎、净化、利尿和退热作用。尽管 果实的神经病理性镇痛潜力已经得到了研究，但这项研究是首次分析 （雌性）叶精油（EOFSt）对成年斑马鱼的急性镇痛作用。EOFSt 通过两种方法（亚铁离子螯合能力[FIC]和β-胡萝卜素）进行抗氧化活性评估。动物（每组 = 6）口服（20 μL）EOFSt（0.1、0.5 或 1.0 mg/mL）或载体（0.9%氯化钠[NaCl]；20 μL），并进行疼痛（福尔马林、肉桂醛、辣椒素、谷氨酸、酸性盐水和高渗盐水）检测。还评估了可能的神经调节机制、运动改变和毒性。在 FIC 测定中，EOFSt 显示出约 40%至 90%的亚铁离子螯合能力。关于β-胡萝卜素褪色测定，EOFSt 显示出 58%至 80%的抑制范围。EOFSt 口服给药无急性毒性，不改变 aZF 的运动系统，并减轻所有测试模型中的疼痛行为。EOFSt 的这些作用与用作阳性对照的吗啡非常相似。EOFSt 的镇痛作用被纳洛酮、L-NAME、氯胺酮、樟脑、钌红和阿米洛利抑制。EOFSt 的角膜镇痛作用被辣椒素抑制。EOFSt 具有治疗急性疼痛的药理学潜力，这种作用受阿片系统、NMDA 受体和瞬时受体电位锚蛋白 1（TRPA1）、瞬时受体电位香草素 1（TRPV1）和酸感应离子通道调节。EOFSt 还具有治疗角膜疼痛的药理学潜力，这种作用受 TRPV1 通道调节。
