Department of Microbiology, Dhaka University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Department of Microbiology and Public Health, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Barishal, Bangladesh.
Epidemiol Infect. 2020 Feb 28;148:e67. doi: 10.1017/S0950268820000576.
A matched case-control study was conducted in Bangladesh by enrolling case smallholdings of cattle affected with anthrax in the period of October 2010 to December 2014. The cases were initially reported by mass media and/or in surveillance reports from authorities concerned in the country. In total, 43 case smallholdings were enrolled. For each case, a control was matched by similarity in herd-size and rearing of animals, selected from a distantly located (within 3-10 km) place but within the same sub-district of the case farm. Data collected by administering a prototype questionnaire were analysed by matched-pair analysis and multivariable conditional logistic regression. Out of the 43 smallholdings, 41 were located in three adjoining districts: Pabna, Sirajganj and Tangail, apparently forming a spatial cluster, could be termed 'anthrax hot spot' in Bangladesh. Sick animal on farm or a nearby farm slaughtered in the recent past (odds ratio (OR) 12.2, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.6-93.4, P = 0.016)), history of heavy rains occurring in the last 2 weeks preceding an outbreak (OR 13.1, 95% CI 1.2-147.1, P = 0.037) and disposing of dead animal into nearby water body (OR 11.9, 95% CI 1.0-145.3, P = 0.052) were independent risk factors for anthrax in cattle in the country.
一项在孟加拉国开展的匹配病例对照研究，纳入了 2010 年 10 月至 2014 年 12 月期间感染炭疽的小农户病例。这些病例最初是由大众媒体和/或该国有关当局的监测报告报告的。总共纳入了 43 个病例小农户。对于每个病例，通过与病例农场位于同一分区内、但距离较远（3-10 公里）的地方选择一个畜群规模和动物饲养方式相似的对照。通过使用原型问卷收集的数据，采用配对分析和多变量条件逻辑回归进行分析。在这 43 个小农户中，有 41 个位于三个相邻的行政区：巴纳纳、锡拉杰甘杰和坦盖尔，显然形成了一个空间集群，可以被称为孟加拉国的“炭疽热点”。农场或附近农场最近有患病动物被屠宰（比值比（OR）12.2，95%置信区间（CI）1.6-93.4，P = 0.016））、爆发前两周内发生大雨的历史（OR 13.1，95% CI 1.2-147.1，P = 0.037）和将死动物丢弃到附近水体（OR 11.9，95% CI 1.0-145.3，P = 0.052）是该国牛炭疽的独立危险因素。
