School of Public Health, University College Cork, Ireland.
School of Public Health, University College Cork, Ireland.
Women Birth. 2021 Mar;34(2):e97-e117. doi: 10.1016/j.wombi.2020.02.010. Epub 2020 Feb 24.
The period from conception to two years postpartum (the first 1000 days) represents a normative transitional period, which can be potentially stressful for some parents. Parental stress and anxiety adversely impacts psychological and physical health for parents and children.
The aim of this review is to systematically examine effects of interventions for women and their partners to reduce or prevent stress and/or anxiety during the first 1000 days.
MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, PsychINFO, and Maternity and Infant Care were searched from inception to March 2019. Randomised controlled trials examining intervention effects on parental stress and/or anxiety during first 1000 days were eligible for inclusion. Data were independently extracted by two reviewers and narratively synthesised.
Fifteen interventions, reported in 16 studies, met inclusion criteria (n=1911 participants). Overall, findings were inconsistent and the majority of trials demonstrated high risk of bias. Interventions were predominantly delivered to women during pregnancy and only two studies included fathers. There was some evidence that adapting interventions to the pre and postnatal periods provided benefits for stress and anxiety reduction, however there was limited evidence for individual intervention types or approaches.
There is currently inconsistent evidence of what interventions are most effective for women during the first 1000 days and there is insufficient evidence for any interventions for male partners during this period. There is a clear need for rigorous development and examination of interventions developed specifically to reduce or prevent stress and/or anxiety across the first 1000 days.
从受孕到产后两年（前 1000 天）是一个正常的过渡时期，对于一些父母来说，这个时期可能会有压力。父母的压力和焦虑会对父母和孩子的心理和身体健康产生不利影响。
本综述的目的是系统地考察针对女性及其伴侣的干预措施，以减少或预防前 1000 天的压力和/或焦虑。
从建库到 2019 年 3 月，我们在 MEDLINE、Embase、CINAHL、PsychINFO 和 Maternity and Infant Care 中进行了检索。纳入了研究干预措施在前 1000 天对父母压力和/或焦虑影响的随机对照试验。由两名评审员独立提取数据并进行叙述性综合。
16 项研究中有 15 项干预措施（纳入 1911 名参与者）符合纳入标准。总体而言，结果不一致，大多数试验的偏倚风险较高。干预措施主要在怀孕期间提供给女性，只有两项研究包括父亲。有一些证据表明，针对产前和产后时期调整干预措施可以减轻压力和焦虑，但针对个别干预类型或方法的证据有限。
目前，对于前 1000 天女性最有效的干预措施的证据并不一致，对于该时期男性伴侣的任何干预措施的证据也不足。显然需要专门针对前 1000 天开发和检验旨在减轻或预防压力和/或焦虑的干预措施。
