Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine of the TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Dev Sci. 2020 Nov;23(6):e12956. doi: 10.1111/desc.12956. Epub 2020 Mar 17.
ADHD is one of the most prevalent neuropsychiatric disorders of childhood, but symptoms vary considerably between individuals. Therefore, different ADHD subtypes can be distinguished. Yet, it is widely elusive whether the specific subtype is critical to consider when examining treatment effects. Based on theoretical considerations, this could be the case for EEG theta/beta neurofeedback. We examine the effects of such an intervention on rapid response execution and inhibition processes using a Go/Nogo task in the inattentive (ADD) and the combined (ADHD-C) subtype. We show that a single neurofeedback protocol affects opposing deficits depending on the ADHD subtype - namely the execution (in ADD) and inhibition of action (in ADHD-C). No changes occurred in the healthy controls. These findings are discussed in relation to overarching principles of neural oscillations, particularly in the beta frequency band. The data suggest that theta/beta neurofeedback trains a superordinate system strongly related to the function of neural beta frequency oscillations to tune neural networks important for the sampling of sensory information used for behavioral control.
ADHD 是儿童期最常见的神经精神疾病之一，但个体之间的症状差异很大。因此，可以区分不同的 ADHD 亚型。然而，当检查治疗效果时，是否需要考虑特定的亚型，这一点还很不清楚。基于理论考虑，这对于 EEG theta/beta 神经反馈可能是如此。我们使用 Go/Nogo 任务检查了这种干预对注意力不集中型（ADD）和混合型（ADHD-C）亚型的快速反应执行和抑制过程的影响。我们表明，单一的神经反馈方案会根据 ADHD 亚型影响相反的缺陷——即执行（在 ADD 中）和行动抑制（在 ADHD-C 中）。健康对照组没有发生变化。这些发现与神经振荡的总体原则有关，特别是在 beta 频带。这些数据表明，theta/beta 神经反馈训练了一个与神经 beta 频率振荡功能密切相关的上级系统，以调整对用于行为控制的感官信息进行采样的神经网络。
