Laboratorio de Neurociencia Social y Neuromodulación, Centro de Investigación en Complejidad Social (neuroCICS), Facultad de Gobierno, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago CL 7610658, Chile.
Departamento de Psiquiatría, Facultad de Medicina y Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago CL 8330024, Chile.
Cereb Cortex. 2020 Jun 1;30(7):4011-4025. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa017.
Adaptive behavior requires the comparison of outcome predictions with actual outcomes (e.g., performance feedback). This process of performance monitoring is computed by a distributed brain network comprising the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and the anterior insular cortex (AIC). Despite being consistently co-activated during different tasks, the precise neuronal computations of each region and their interactions remain elusive. In order to assess the neural mechanism by which the AIC processes performance feedback, we recorded AIC electrophysiological activity in humans. We found that the AIC beta oscillations amplitude is modulated by the probability of performance feedback valence (positive or negative) given the context (task and condition difficulty). Furthermore, the valence of feedback was encoded by delta waves phase-modulating the power of beta oscillations. Finally, connectivity and causal analysis showed that beta oscillations relay feedback information signals to the mPFC. These results reveal that structured oscillatory activity in the anterior insula encodes performance feedback information, thus coordinating brain circuits related to reward-based learning.
适应行为需要将结果预测与实际结果（例如，表现反馈）进行比较。这个表现监测的过程是由一个包含内侧前额叶皮层（mPFC）和前岛叶皮层（AIC）的分布式大脑网络计算的。尽管在不同的任务中始终共同激活，但每个区域的精确神经元计算及其相互作用仍然难以捉摸。为了评估 AIC 处理表现反馈的神经机制，我们在人类中记录了 AIC 的电生理活动。我们发现，AIC 的β波振荡幅度受到表现反馈效价（正或负）的概率调节，具体取决于上下文（任务和条件难度）。此外，反馈的效价由 delta 波相位调制β波振荡的功率来编码。最后，连接性和因果分析表明，β波振荡将反馈信息信号中继到 mPFC。这些结果表明，前岛叶的结构化振荡活动对表现反馈信息进行编码，从而协调与基于奖励的学习相关的大脑回路。
