Grevers G
HNO-Klinik und Poliklinik der Universität München.
Laryngol Rhinol Otol (Stuttg). 1988 Aug;67(8):395-9.
Arteriovenous anastomoses were first mentioned more than 250 years ago. Since the original description, these peculiar vascular structures have been detected in almost every organ and tissue. In respect of the head and neck area, arteriovenous anastomoses have been mainly observed in the nasal mucosa of either humans or different animals and in the rabbit ear; the latter offers a unique chance for in-vivo studies using the ear chamber technique. Nevertheless, the existence of arteriovenous anastomoses in the nasal mucosa has often been denied. In the present study, we examined the endonasal vascular system of the rabbit by means of light- and transmission electron microscopy. No evidence for the existence of arteriovenous anastomoses could be found in the respiratory part of the nasal mucosa whereas in the deeper layers of the olfactory mucosa several vascular structures could be encountered that were similar to the glomerula digitalia of fingertips. It is emphasised that these vessels must be regarded as true arteriovenous anatomoses which might play a potential role in endonasal thermoregulation.
动静脉吻合最早在250多年前就被提及。自最初的描述以来，这些特殊的血管结构几乎在每个器官和组织中都被检测到。就头颈部区域而言，动静脉吻合主要在人类或不同动物的鼻粘膜以及兔耳中被观察到；后者为使用耳腔技术进行体内研究提供了独特的机会。然而，鼻粘膜中动静脉吻合的存在常常被否认。在本研究中，我们通过光学显微镜和透射电子显微镜检查了兔的鼻内血管系统。在鼻粘膜的呼吸部分未发现动静脉吻合存在的证据，而在嗅粘膜的较深层可以遇到几种血管结构，它们类似于指尖的指状小球。需要强调的是，这些血管必须被视为真正的动静脉吻合，它们可能在鼻内体温调节中发挥潜在作用。
