Grevers G, Herrmann U
Laryngol Rhinol Otol (Stuttg). 1987 Mar;66(3):152-6.
The "cavernous" tissue of the nasal mucosa possesses a key function for different physiological and pathological conditions. In the present study we report about our own examinations on the "cavernous" tissue of the rabbit nasal mucosa. The specimen (nasal septum and anterior concha) were fixated by vascular perfusion via the carotid arteries, carefully excised and prepared for light and electron microscopy. Our observations indicate that the tunica propria of the nasal mucosa is covered by large, sinusoidal veins. Most of these vessels possess a rather thin vasvular wall. Some vessels, however, could be identified that had at first been regarded as arteries. A closer inspection, however, revealed the venous character of these muscularised vessels, which may correspond to the so called "Drosselvenen" described by Körner 50 years ago. These veins are supposed to possess a particular anatomical structure in their vascular wall called "sphincter", "muscular thickening", "cushion", or "muscular bolster" by various authors--which enables them to ease or to prevent the loss of fluid from the cavernous tissue. All our morphological findings as well as the functional significance of these peculiar structures are compared and discussed with the appropriate literature.
鼻黏膜的“海绵状”组织在不同的生理和病理状况下具有关键作用。在本研究中，我们报告了对兔鼻黏膜“海绵状”组织的自身检查情况。标本（鼻中隔和前鼻甲）通过颈动脉进行血管灌注固定，小心切除后制备用于光镜和电镜观察。我们的观察表明，鼻黏膜的固有层被大的窦状静脉覆盖。这些血管大多具有相当薄的血管壁。然而，有些血管起初被认为是动脉，但进一步检查发现这些肌化血管具有静脉特征，这可能与50年前Körner描述的所谓“串珠状静脉”相对应。这些静脉在其血管壁中被不同作者认为具有一种特殊的解剖结构，称为“括约肌”“肌肉增厚”“垫”或“肌肉支撑”，这使它们能够缓解或防止海绵状组织中的液体流失。我们将所有的形态学发现以及这些特殊结构的功能意义与相关文献进行了比较和讨论。
