Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.
Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.
Depress Anxiety. 2020 Jun;37(6):532-539. doi: 10.1002/da.23005. Epub 2020 Feb 27.
Great variability exists in response to stressful or traumatic events, leading to an interest in the construct of resilience as a trait and an outcome. The etiologic sources of variability across differing conceptualizations of resilience are poorly understood.
Using behavioral genetic methods in a sample of 2,056 female twins, the present study sought to (a) examine the etiologic sources of a trait-based self-report measure of perceived resilience (PR), (b) determine the genetic and environmental overlap with an outcome-based measure of resilience, as defined by the absence of psychiatric symptoms after stressful life events, previously used by our research team (discrepancy-based psychiatric resilience [DBPR]), and (c) determine the etiologic overlap of these two resilience measures with major depressive disorder (MDD).
PR was modestly (11%) heritable. A moderate degree of genetic overlap (39%) and a nominal amount of environmental overlap (3%) were found between the two alternative measures of resilience. Genetic factors that influence PR accounted for 3% of MDD heritability, whereas 31% of MDD heritability was due to DBPR genetic factors.
Findings of a higher genetic correlation between the outcome-based resilience measure and MDD compared to the trait-based measure and MDD suggest gene-finding efforts may benefit from considering the multifaceted nature of resilience and that resilience is best understood as both a phenotypically and genetically heterogeneous construct.
对于应激或创伤性事件的反应存在很大的变异性，这导致人们对韧性作为一种特质和结果的结构产生了兴趣。不同韧性概念之间的变异性的病因来源知之甚少。
本研究在 2056 对女性双胞胎的样本中使用行为遗传学方法，旨在：(a) 研究基于特质的感知韧性自评量表（PR）的病因来源，(b) 确定与韧性的结果衡量标准（即应激生活事件后无精神症状，之前由我们的研究团队使用）的遗传和环境重叠，(c) 确定这两种韧性衡量标准与重度抑郁症（MDD）的病因重叠。
PR 具有适度的（11%）遗传性。在两种替代的韧性衡量标准之间发现了中等程度的遗传重叠（39%）和少量的环境重叠（3%）。影响 PR 的遗传因素占 MDD 遗传性的 3%，而 MDD 遗传性的 31%归因于基于差异的精神韧性（DBPR）遗传因素。
与基于特质的韧性衡量标准相比，基于结果的韧性衡量标准与 MDD 之间存在更高的遗传相关性，这表明基因发现工作可能受益于考虑韧性的多方面性质，并且韧性最好被理解为表型和遗传上具有异质性的结构。
