Department Social Medicine and Medical Microbiology, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), PO Box 5800, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Department of Sexual Health, Infectious Diseases and Environmental Health, South Limburg Public Health Service, PO Box 33, 6400 AA, Heerlen, The Netherlands.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Feb 26;17(5):1495. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17051495.
We assessed whether patients repeatedly infected with (NG) were different compared to patients repeatedly tested negative, to obtain insight into the characteristics of patients frequently tested and infected with NG. All patients tested for NG (n = 16,662) between January 2011 and July 2018 were included. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed for the outcomes "repeat NG infections" and "once NG positive and not retested" versus patients "repeatedly tested NG negative". Of the individuals tested for NG, 0.2% (40/16,662) had repeat (≥2) NG infections, and accounted for 23% of all diagnosed NG infections. STI clinic patients, men (mostly men who have sex with men (MSM)), patients aged ≥25 years, and patients co-infected with HIV or (CT) more often had repeat NG infections. The number of patients not retested after their initial NG diagnosis was 29.9% (92/308). Men (mostly MSM), HIV positive patients, and patients notified for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) were more often NG positive and not retested. Concluding, only 40 patients tested for NG accounted for one in four diagnosed NG infections. However, re-infections are likely to be missed among MSM and HIV positive patients, as they were mainly not retested after NG infection. It remains important to test and re-test for NG, especially in MSM, in order to halt transmission.
我们评估了（NG）反复感染的患者与反复检测阴性的患者是否存在差异，以深入了解频繁检测和感染 NG 的患者的特征。纳入了 2011 年 1 月至 2018 年 7 月期间所有接受 NG 检测的患者（n=16662）。对“重复 NG 感染”和“一次 NG 阳性但未再次检测”与“反复 NG 阴性”患者的结局进行多变量逻辑回归分析。在接受 NG 检测的个体中，0.2%（40/16662）有重复（≥2）NG 感染，占所有确诊 NG 感染的 23%。性传播感染（STI）门诊患者、男性（主要为男男性行为者（MSM））、年龄≥25 岁的患者以及合并 HIV 或（CT）感染的患者更常发生重复 NG 感染。初始 NG 诊断后未再次检测的患者有 29.9%（92/308）。男性（主要为 MSM）、HIV 阳性患者和被通知患有性传播感染（STI）的患者更常出现 NG 阳性但未再次检测。综上所述，只有 40 名接受 NG 检测的患者占确诊 NG 感染的四分之一。然而，NG 感染后 MSM 和 HIV 阳性患者更可能不再接受检测，因此可能会错过再感染。为了阻断传播，特别是在 MSM 中，仍然需要进行检测和重复检测。
