Nissen Alexander P, Smith Julian A, Schmitto Jan Dieter, Mariani Silvia, Almeida Rui M S, Afoke Jonathan, Asai Tohru, Luc Jessica G Y, Shapira Oz M, Mennander Ari, Tanaka Akiko, Kaleda Vasily I, Wan Song, Wick Alexander, Reichenspurner Hermann, Cohn Benjamin M, Nguyen Tom C
Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, Tex; Department of Surgery, San Antonio Military Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, Tex.
Department of Surgery, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Australia; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Monash Health, Clayton, Australia.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2020 Jan 28. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2019.12.111.
Various methods for cardiothoracic, cardiovascular, and cardiac surgical training exist across the globe, with the common goal of producing safe, independent surgeons. A comparative analysis of international training paradigms has not been undertaken, and our goal in doing so was to offer insights into how to best prepare future trainees and ensure the health of our specialty.
We performed a comparative analysis of available publications offering detailed descriptions of various cardiothoracic, cardiovascular, and cardiac surgical training paradigms. Corresponding authors from previous publications and other international collaborators were also reached directly for further data acquisition.
We report various approaches to common challenges surrounding (1) selection of trainees and plans for the future surgical workforce; (2) trainee assessments and certification of competency before independent practice; and (3) challenges related to a changing practice landscape.
Cardiothoracic surgery remains a dynamic and rewarding specialty. Current and future trainees face several challenges that transcend national borders. To foster collaboration and adoption of best practices, we highlight international strengths and weaknesses of various nations in terms of workforce selection, trainee operative experience and assessment, board certification, and preparation for future changes anticipated in cardiothoracic surgery.
全球存在多种心胸、心血管及心脏外科培训方法，共同目标是培养出安全、独立的外科医生。尚未对国际培训模式进行比较分析，我们这样做的目的是深入了解如何最好地培养未来的受训人员，并确保我们这个专业的健康发展。
我们对提供各种心胸、心血管及心脏外科培训模式详细描述的现有出版物进行了比较分析。还直接联系了先前出版物的通讯作者及其他国际合作者以获取更多数据。
我们报告了围绕以下常见挑战的各种方法：（1）受训人员的选拔及未来外科劳动力计划；（2）独立执业前对受训人员的评估及能力认证；（3）与不断变化的执业环境相关的挑战。
心胸外科仍然是一个充满活力且有回报的专业。当前及未来的受训人员面临着一些超越国界的挑战。为促进合作并采用最佳实践，我们突出了各国在劳动力选拔、受训人员手术经验与评估、委员会认证以及应对心胸外科未来预期变化方面的国际优势与劣势。
