International Network for Environment and Health (INEH), School of Geography, Archaeology & Irish Studies & Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
British Geological Survey, Environmental Science Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
J Hazard Mater. 2020 Jul 5;393:122377. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122377. Epub 2020 Feb 22.
In this study, geographically weighted regression (GWR) was applied to reveal the spatially varying relationships between Pb and Al in urban soils of London based on 6467 samples collected by British Geological Survey. Results showed that the relationships between Pb and Al were spatially varying in urban soils of London, with different relationships in different areas. The strong negative relationships between Pb and Al were found in the northeast and north areas and weak relationships were located in central areas, implying the links with the impact of anthropogenic activities on Pb concentration, while road traffic, industry activities and construction in centre of London may be linked to the weakened or changed direction of the relationship. However, positive relationships between Pb and Al were found in large parklands and greenspaces in the southeast and southwest as well as a small area in central London, due to less influences from human activities where the natural geochemical signatures were preserved. This study suggests that GWR is an effective tool to reveal spatially varying relationships in environmental variables, providing improved understanding of the complicated relationships in environmental parameters from the spatial aspect, which could be hardly achieved using conventional statistical analysis.
在这项研究中，应用地理加权回归（GWR）分析了英国地质调查局采集的 6467 个样本中伦敦城市土壤中 Pb 和 Al 的空间变化关系。结果表明，伦敦城市土壤中 Pb 和 Al 的关系具有空间变异性，不同区域的关系不同。在东北部和北部地区发现 Pb 和 Al 之间存在很强的负相关关系，而在中心区域则存在较弱的关系，这表明与人为活动对 Pb 浓度的影响有关，而伦敦市中心的道路交通、工业活动和建筑可能与关系的减弱或改变方向有关。然而，在东南部和西南部的大型公园和绿地以及伦敦市中心的一个小区域中，发现 Pb 和 Al 之间存在正相关关系，这是由于人类活动的影响较小，自然地球化学特征得以保留。本研究表明，GWR 是揭示环境变量空间变化关系的有效工具，从空间角度提高了对环境参数复杂关系的理解，这是传统统计分析难以实现的。
