Salikhova K M
The A. Aliev State University of Advanced Education of Physicians, AZ1012 Baku, the Republic of Azerbaijan,
Probl Sotsialnoi Gig Zdravookhranenniiai Istor Med. 2020 Jan;28(1):34-38. doi: 10.32687/0869-866X-2020-28-1-34-38.
The purpose of the study is to assess medical efficiency of family doctors involved in early detection of glaucoma.
The prospective observation was carried on in polyclinic No.3 (the basis institution of the University Department of family medicine) to provide experimental evidence of role of family physician in medical care of ophthalmic patients. The sampling included 1000 patients visited polyclinic for the first time. In total the cohort was formed from 250 patients of therapist (family physician), 250 patients of neurologist, 250 patients of dentist and 250 patients of other physicians. All patients initially passed Maklakov's eye tonometry prior to visiting medical specialists. After tonometry, all patients have been observed by ophthalmologist and in the process of treatment also by therapist, neurologist, dentist and other medical specialists.
The percentage of patients with intraocular pressure <12, 12-16, 17-21, 22-26, 27-31, l32 mm/Hg in the right and the left eye correspondingly made up to 41.6±1.6 and 42.1±1.6%; 30.0±1.5 and 31.4±1.5; 18.4±1.2 and 16.2±1.2%; 5.6±0.7 and 5.2±0.7%; 2.4±0.5 and 2.9±0.5%; 2.4±0.5 and 2.2±0.5%. It is clear that, at of Among patients, visited polyclinics for the first time, in 10,5±0,97% an increase in intraocular pressure of more than 21 mm / Hg in the right and 10.3 ± 0.96% in the left eye was established. The percentage of patients with visual acuity l6/18; 6/18-6/60; 6/60-3/6 and & <3/60 in the right and left eye made up to 72.3±1.4 and 76.7±1.3%; 22.4±1.3 and 18.4±1.2%; 4.4±0.7 and 3.8±0.6% 0.9±0.3 and 1.1±0.3%. The third category of visual impairment (visual acuity <3/60) was established шт small group of patients. The second category of visual impairment (visual acuity 3/60-6/60) was established in relatively larger group of patients. Out of 100 observed patients, visited polyclinic for the first time in 2016, number of undiagnosed diseases and firstly diagnosed due to active participation of family physician included 4.6±0.7 cases of myopia, 3.8±0.6 cases of hyperopia, 2.2±0.5 astigmatism cases, 1.4±0.4 cataract cases, 2.3±0.5 cases of glaucoma, 0.1±0.1 cases of diabetic retinopathy, 4.4±0.7 cases of other eye diseases.
The family physician using professional knowledge and skills, can implement diagnostic and therapeutic measures during observation of patients with opthalmologic pathology. The family physician, while observing patients aged 40 years and older, can for the first time diagnose 18.8±1.2 % of eye diseases, including 4.6±0.7 cases of myopia, 3.8±0.6 cases of hyperopia, 2.2±0.5 astigmatism cases, 1.4±0.4 cataract cases, 2.3±0.5 cases of glaucoma, 0.1±0.1 cases of diabetic retinopathy, 4.4±0.7 cases of other eye diseases.
