Department of Clinical Pathology and Blood Bank, Sacré-Coeur Hospital, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.
EA3064, Faculty of Medicine of Saint-Etienne, University of Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France.
Vox Sang. 2020 Jul;115(5):405-423. doi: 10.1111/vox.12903. Epub 2020 Mar 2.
Blood transfusion is inherently associated with risks, and little is known regarding the available quality and safety measures in developing countries. No studies or census has been carried out, and therefore, no data on this compelling issue are available.
Data emanating from eight Arabic eastern/southern Mediterranean countries who responded to five surveys were collected and tabulated.
Asepsis during phlebotomy, screening for serological and immuno-haematological parameters and appropriate storage conditions are maintained across all countries. Variations in blood component processing exist. Universal leucoreduction is systematically applied in Lebanon. Nucleic acid testing is only performed in Egypt. Aphaeresis procedure, leucoreduction and quality control for blood components are virtually inexistent in Mauritania. Written donor questionnaire is absent in Algeria and Tunisia. Most donor deferral periods for infectious agents are inconsistent with international standards.
Gaps in the processing and in the quality/safety measures applied to the manufacture of blood components are quite evident in most eastern/southern Mediterranean countries. The decision of establishing an effective collaboration network and an independent body - aside from WHO - composed of specialists that oversees all transfusion activities in these countries is certainly a crucial step towards ensuring an optimum level of blood safety.
输血本身存在风险，对于发展中国家现有的质量和安全措施知之甚少。尚未开展任何研究或普查，因此，在这个紧迫问题上没有可用的数据。
对回答了五项调查的 8 个阿拉伯东部/南部地中海国家的数据进行了收集和制表。
所有国家都保持了在采血过程中的无菌操作、对血清学和免疫血液学参数的筛查以及适当的储存条件。血液成分处理存在差异。在黎巴嫩系统地应用白细胞减少法。仅在埃及进行核酸检测。在毛里塔尼亚，几乎不存在成分血的单采程序、白细胞减少法和质量控制。在阿尔及利亚和突尼斯没有书面的献血者问卷。大多数传染病病原体的献血者延期不符合国际标准。
在大多数东部/南部地中海国家，血液成分生产过程中的处理和应用的质量/安全措施存在明显差距。建立一个有效的合作网络和一个独立的机构（除世界卫生组织外），由专家组成，监督这些国家的所有输血活动，这无疑是确保最佳血液安全水平的关键步骤。
