Zhdan Vyacheslav M, Dvornyk Valentin M, Bielikova Inna V, Holovanova Iryna A, Dvornyk Iryna L
Ukrainian Medical Stomatological Academy, Poltava, Ukraine.
Wiad Lek. 2019;72(12 cz 1):2366-2370.
Introduction: In Ukraine more than half of deaths have been caused by cardio-vascular diseases (CVD). Among the able-bodied population, the share of CVD in the structure of causes of mortality is 29,9%. In the structure of causes of mortality among the persons of retirement age, CVDs accounted for 75,9% and exceeded the proportion of neoplasms in 6,5 times. The aim is to analyze of morbidity and mortality rates of diseases of the CVD among the population of Ukraine and Poltava region, to conduct a comparative analysis of data to identify possible ways to improve the situation.
Materials and methods: A retrospective study of morbidity and mortality rates by age, gender and cause (2014-2018) was conducted and the statistical method was used to analyze dynamic (time) series.
Review: An analysis of the dynamics of population mortality indicates significant fluctuations in it`s levels over ten years. At the same time, by the method of alignment of the dynamic series, a tendency to a slight decrease in the mortality rate of the population from 17,1‰ to 16,9 ‰ was established. The mortality of the population of Ukraine in 2018 from diseases of the circulatory system was 1000,8 per 100 thousand people. Data on mortality rate in the Poltava region significantly higher than those in Ukraine.
Conclusions: The age structure of the population of Poltava region belongs to the regressive type. The mortality rate among the population of Poltava region is slightly decreasing but remains at a very high level (16,9 ‰). In the structure of causes of death, diseases of the circulatory system are at the first place (70,8%), the second place belongs to neoplasm (13,5%), and third are the external causes of death (4,8%).
引言：在乌克兰，超过一半的死亡是由心血管疾病（CVD）导致的。在健全人口中，CVD在死亡原因结构中的占比为29.9%。在退休年龄人群的死亡原因结构中，CVD占75.9%，比肿瘤的比例高出6.5倍。目的是分析乌克兰和波尔塔瓦地区人群中CVD疾病的发病率和死亡率，对数据进行比较分析以确定改善现状的可能途径。
材料与方法：对按年龄、性别和病因划分的发病率和死亡率进行回顾性研究（2014 - 2018年），并采用统计方法分析动态（时间）序列。
综述：对人口死亡率动态的分析表明，其水平在十年间有显著波动。同时，通过动态序列对齐方法，确定了人口死亡率有从17.1‰略微下降到16.9‰的趋势。2018年乌克兰人口因循环系统疾病的死亡率为每10万人1000.8人。波尔塔瓦地区的死亡率数据显著高于乌克兰。
结论：波尔塔瓦地区人口的年龄结构属于衰退型。波尔塔瓦地区人口的死亡率略有下降，但仍处于非常高的水平（16.9‰）。在死亡原因结构中，循环系统疾病位居首位（70.8%），其次是肿瘤（13.5%），第三位是外部死亡原因（4.8%）。
