Xu Z F, Jones M M
Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China.
Toxicology. 1988 Dec 30;53(2-3):277-88. doi: 10.1016/0300-483x(88)90220-x.
The relative abilities of approximately 20 chelating agents to act as antagonists for acute and chronic lead poisoning have been examined in the mouse. The acute LD50 for lead acetate trihydrate was determined and found to be 135.3 mg Pb/kg for i.p. injection with a 95% confidence interval of 87.1-210.3 mg Pb/kg. The relative efficacy of chelating agents to reduce liver, kidney, spleen, bone and brain levels of lead was determined. The movement of lead from the liver to the bone was followed during the first 7 days post injection and was found to result in appreciable changes in the lead levels of these organs from day to day during this entire period. Of the compounds examined, the ones which were most effective in mobilizing lead under various conditions included meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA), sodium 2,3-dimercaptopropane-1-sulfonate (DPMS), disodium calcium ethylene-diaminetetraacetate (Na2CaEDTA), trisodium zinc triethylenetetraminehexa-acetate, dicalcium ethylenediaminetetra(methylenephosphonate) (Ca2EDTPO) and diethyl dimercaptosuccinate (DEMSA) and 2,3-dimercapto-1-propanol (BAL).
在小鼠身上研究了约20种螯合剂作为急性和慢性铅中毒拮抗剂的相对能力。测定了三水合醋酸铅的急性半数致死量（LD50），腹腔注射时为135.3 mg铅/千克，95%置信区间为87.1 - 210.3 mg铅/千克。测定了螯合剂降低肝脏、肾脏、脾脏、骨骼和大脑中铅含量的相对功效。在注射后第1天至第7天追踪铅从肝脏向骨骼的转移情况，发现在整个这段时间内，这些器官中的铅含量每天都有明显变化。在所研究的化合物中，在各种条件下最有效地动员铅的化合物包括内消旋-2,3-二巯基琥珀酸（DMSA）、2,3-二巯基丙烷-1-磺酸钠（DPMS）、乙二胺四乙酸二钠钙（Na2CaEDTA）、三亚乙基四胺六乙酸三钠锌、乙二胺四（亚甲基膦酸）二钙（Ca2EDTPO）、二乙基二巯基琥珀酸（DEMSA）和2,3-二巯基-1-丙醇（BAL）。
