Department of Emergency Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea.
PLoS One. 2020 Mar 4;15(3):e0229939. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229939. eCollection 2020.
This study aims to provide basic data on the types and frequency of chemical ingestions and the clinical outcomes of chemical ingestion injury.
This study retrospectively analyzed the data obtained from the Emergency Department-Based Injury In-depth Surveillance of the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (South Korea) from 2011 to 2016. Patients ingesting chemicals aged ≥ 18 years were included, but those ingesting unknown chemical substances or with unknown clinical outcomes were excluded.
This study included 2,712 (47.2% were men and 52.8% were women, mean age, 47.05 years) patients ingesting chemicals. Unintentional and intentional ingestions were reported in 1,673 (61.7%) and 1,039 (38.3%), respectively. The most commonly ingested chemical substances were hypochlorites, detergents, ethanol, and acetic acid. In the unintentional ingestion group, the most common chemicals upon admission were hypochlorites (74), glacial acetic acid (60), and detergent (33). The admission rates were 60% for glacial acetic acid, 58.3% ethylene glycol, and 30.4% other alkali agents. In the intentional ingestion group, the most common chemicals upon admission were hypochlorites (242), glacial acetic acid (79), ethylene glycol (42), and detergent (41). The admission rates were 91.9% for glacial acetic acid, 87.5% ethylene glycol, 85.7% potassium cyanide, and 81.4% hydrochloric acid. In total, 79 deaths (10 unintentional ingestions, 69 intentional ingestion) were reported, and glacial acetic acid had an odds ratio of 9.299 for mortality.
We compared the intentional and unintentional ingestion groups, and analyzed the factors affecting hospital admission and mortality in each group. The types and clinical outcomes of chemical ingestion varied depending on the purpose of chemical ingestion. The findings are considered beneficial in establishing treatment policies for patients ingesting chemicals.
本研究旨在提供化学摄入的类型和频率以及化学摄入损伤的临床结果的基本数据。
本研究回顾性分析了 2011 年至 2016 年韩国疾病控制与预防中心（韩国）基于急诊科的伤害深入监测获得的数据。纳入年龄≥18 岁的摄入化学物质的患者，但排除摄入未知化学物质或未知临床结局的患者。
本研究共纳入 2712 名（47.2%为男性，52.8%为女性，平均年龄 47.05 岁）摄入化学物质的患者。报告了 1673 例（61.7%）和 1039 例（38.3%）非故意和故意摄入。最常摄入的化学物质是次氯酸盐、清洁剂、乙醇和乙酸。在非故意摄入组中，入院时最常见的化学物质是次氯酸盐（74 例）、冰醋酸（60 例）和清洁剂（33 例）。冰醋酸的入院率为 60%，乙二醇为 58.3%，其他碱剂为 30.4%。在故意摄入组中，入院时最常见的化学物质是次氯酸盐（242 例）、冰醋酸（79 例）、乙二醇（42 例）和清洁剂（41 例）。冰醋酸的入院率为 91.9%，乙二醇为 87.5%，氰化钾为 85.7%，盐酸为 81.4%。共有 79 例死亡（10 例非故意摄入，69 例故意摄入）报告，冰醋酸的死亡率比值比为 9.299。
我们比较了非故意摄入组和故意摄入组，并分析了每个组中影响入院和死亡的因素。化学摄入的类型和临床结果因化学摄入的目的而异。这些发现有助于制定化学摄入患者的治疗政策。
