Secretaria de Estado da Educação e da Ciência e Tecnologia da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brasil.
Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brasil.
Cad Saude Publica. 2020 Feb 21;36(2):e00136919. doi: 10.1590/0102-311X00136919. eCollection 2020.
The article analyzes some dilemmas related to the implementation of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, underscoring the States parties' difficulties in adopting public policies with proven cost-benefit and aimed at reducing tobacco's supply and demand. Specifically, the article examines the recommendation to adopt policies for plain cigarette packaging, as provided in the guidelines for implementation of the Convention's Articles 11 and 13. Based on case analysis, we identified political and legal factors that hinder the Convention's implementation, including the regulatory chill produced by legal claims filed by the tobacco industry, which uses investor-State arbitration clauses from bilateral investment agreements. The article concludes that despite the costs imposed on States and the delays in the adoption of such policies, in the medium and long term the rulings handed down by the arbitration courts and the World Trade Organization's Dispute Settlement Body can consolidate the understanding of the legality and effectiveness of policies that adopt the model.
本文分析了与《烟草控制框架公约》实施相关的一些困境，强调了缔约方在采取已被证明具有成本效益并旨在减少烟草供应和需求的公共政策方面所面临的困难。具体而言，本文审查了根据《公约》第 11 条和第 13 条实施准则建议采取普通香烟包装政策的问题。基于案例分析，我们确定了阻碍公约实施的政治和法律因素，包括烟草业提出的法律主张所产生的监管寒蝉效应，烟草业利用双边投资协定中的投资者-国家仲裁条款。本文的结论是，尽管这些政策的实施给国家带来了成本，并导致了政策的延迟采用，但从中期和长期来看，仲裁法院和世界贸易组织争端解决机构的裁决可以巩固对采用这种模式的政策的合法性和有效性的认识。
