University Hospital, Medical Faculty, Med Campus III, Department of Cardiology, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Krankenhausstraße 9, 4020, Linz, Austria.
Department of Medical Education, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, USA.
Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2020 Mar;132(5-6):155-160. doi: 10.1007/s00508-020-01623-y. Epub 2020 Mar 4.
In 2015 medical training regulations have been restructured for postgraduate medical training in Austria resulting in a significant shortening of the training period. Furthermore, a restriction of working hours for physicians to 48 h per week was implemented affecting the framework of postgraduate medical training. The aim of this study was to obtain a self-assessment of students and young physicians in Austria regarding their self-confidence in clinical skills and their working and learning environment.
In this study 6th year medical students, physicians in their basic training (common trunk), physicians in family medicine training, and residents in their first 18 months of training were asked to participate in a survey. Self-reported data were collected for five different prespecified domains (communication, motor skills, knowledge, documentation, and emergency).
In all domains, self-confidence increased significantly during medical training. Analysis further revealed better results of residents compared with all other groups in all domains, whereas physicians in family medicine training only rated themselves better in the documentation domain (p = 0.010); however, the interest in family medicine was low, even among physicians in family medicine training. The workload significantly increased during medical education, with the highest stress levels for physicians in family medicine training and residents (p = 0.001).
Self-confidence of young physicians but also their stress levels increased during the medical training. Further studies are needed to answer the question why the interest in family medicine was so unexpectedly low in this cohort.
2015 年，奥地利对研究生医学培训的规定进行了重组，导致培训期显著缩短。此外，还对医生的工作时间进行了限制，每周工作时间不得超过 48 小时，这影响了研究生医学培训的框架。本研究的目的是了解奥地利医学生和年轻医生对自己临床技能的自信程度以及他们的工作和学习环境的自我评估。
本研究要求 6 年级医学生、普通培训（共同主干）的医生、家庭医学培训的医生和培训的头 18 个月的住院医师参与调查。收集了五个不同预定领域（沟通、运动技能、知识、记录和急救）的自我报告数据。
在所有领域，医学生在医学培训期间的自信心都显著提高。分析进一步显示，与其他所有群体相比，住院医师在所有领域的表现都更好，而家庭医学培训的医生仅在记录领域自我评估更好（p=0.010）；然而，家庭医学的兴趣很低，即使是在家庭医学培训的医生中也是如此。医学生的工作量在医学教育期间显著增加，家庭医学培训的医生和住院医师的压力水平最高（p=0.001）。
年轻医生的自信心，以及他们的压力水平在医学培训期间都有所提高。需要进一步的研究来回答为什么在这个群体中家庭医学的兴趣如此出乎意料地低。
