Chen Jun, Zhang Yufeng, You Jinming, Song Hanqing, Zhang Yinzhi, Lv Yantao, Qiao Hanzhen, Tian Min, Chen Fang, Zhang Shihai, Guan Wutai
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China.
Front Vet Sci. 2020 Feb 18;7:71. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00071. eCollection 2020.
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation of fermentation product (SCFP) during late pregnancy and lactation on sow productivity, colostrum and milk composition, and antioxidant status of sows in a subtropical climate. The study was a 2 × 2 factorial treatment design where the first factor was environmental THI level [Low THI (08:00-19:00: 70.76 ± 0.45, 19:00-08:00: 67.91 ± 0.18, L-THI) or High THI (08:00-19:00: 75.14 ± 0.98, 19:00-08:00: 68.35 ± 0.18, H-THI], and the second factor was dietary treatment (supplemented with or without 3 kg/t SCFP). A total of 120 sows were randomly allotted to the four treatments ( = 30). The feeding trial was conducted from 85-days post-breeding until 21-days post-partum. Compared with L-THI group, sows from H-THI group had lesser individual piglet birth weight, individual piglet weight at weaning, preweaning average daily gain of piglets, average daily feed intake of sows during lactation, and protein percentage in 14-days milk. Additionally, sows from H-THI group had lesser antioxidant status, indicated by lesser serum total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity at parturition; lesser serum T-AOC and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity at 14-days post-partum, as well as lesser SOD activity in colostrum. Compared with sows fed the control diet, sows fed the SCFP diet had greater number of piglets weaned, litter weight at weaning, and preweaning average daily gain of piglets. Moreover, sows fed the SCFP diet had improved antioxidant status as indicated by higher serum T-AOC at parturition, and lesser malondialdehyde (MDA) content in colostrum and 21-days milk. In conclusion, H-THI negatively affected the productivity, milk composition, antioxidant status, and lactation feed intake of sows. Dietary supplementation of SCFP partially alleviated the adverse effects of H-THI, by improving lactation performance and antioxidant status of sows without influencing reproductive performance and colostrum and milk composition in a subtropical climate.
本研究旨在评估在亚热带气候条件下，妊娠后期和哺乳期母猪日粮中添加发酵产品（SCFP）对母猪生产性能、初乳和乳汁成分以及母猪抗氧化状态的影响。本研究采用2×2析因处理设计，第一个因素是环境热应激指数（THI）水平[低THI（08:00 - 19:00：70.76±0.45，19:00 - 08:00：67.91±0.18，L - THI）或高THI（08:00 - 19:00：75.14±0.98，19:00 - 08:00：68.35±0.18，H - THI）]，第二个因素是日粮处理（添加或不添加3 kg/t SCFP）。总共120头母猪被随机分配到四种处理组（每组n = 30）。饲养试验从配种后85天进行至产后21天。与L - THI组相比，H - THI组母猪所产仔猪的个体出生体重、断奶时个体体重、断奶前仔猪平均日增重、哺乳期母猪平均日采食量以及14日龄乳汁中的蛋白质百分比均较低。此外，H - THI组母猪的抗氧化状态较差，表现为分娩时血清总抗氧化能力（T - AOC）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性较低；产后14天时血清T - AOC和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH - Px）活性较低，以及初乳中SOD活性较低。与饲喂对照日粮的母猪相比，饲喂SCFP日粮的母猪断奶仔猪数、断奶窝重和断奶前仔猪平均日增重更高。此外，饲喂SCFP日粮的母猪抗氧化状态得到改善，表现为分娩时血清T - AOC较高，以及初乳和21日龄乳汁中丙二醛（MDA）含量较低。总之，高THI对母猪的生产性能、乳汁成分、抗氧化状态和泌乳期采食量产生负面影响。在亚热带气候条件下，日粮中添加SCFP可通过改善母猪的泌乳性能和抗氧化状态，部分缓解高THI的不利影响，且不影响繁殖性能以及初乳和乳汁成分。
