Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, Kanas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506-0201, USA.
Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506-0201, USA.
J Anim Sci. 2022 Jun 1;100(6). doi: 10.1093/jas/skac165.
A total of 80 sows (Line 241; DNA, Columbus, NE) across three farrowing groups were used in a study to evaluate the effect of feeding live yeast and yeast extracts to lactating sows on sow and litter performance and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) patterns of sow fecal E. coli. Sows were blocked by farrowing group, BW, and parity on day 110 of gestation and allotted to 1 of 2 dietary treatments. Dietary treatments consisted of a standard lactation diet with or without yeast-based pre- and probiotics (0.10% Actisaf Sc 47 HR+ and 0.025% SafMannan; Phileo by Lesaffre, Milwaukee, WI). Diets were fed from day 110 of gestation until weaning (approximately d 19 post-farrow). A tendency (P = 0.073) was observed for increased feed intake through lactation when sows were fed a diet with yeast additives compared with the control diet. There was no evidence (P > 0.10) that treatment influenced any other sow or litter performance measurements. Fecal samples were collected upon entry into the farrowing house and at weaning from the first farrowing group (27 sows) to determine the resistance patterns of E. coli. E. coli was isolated from fecal samples and species confirmed by PCR detection of uidA and clpB genes. Microbroth dilution method was used to determine the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of E. coli isolates to 14 antimicrobials. Isolates were categorized as either susceptible, intermediate, or resistant based on Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. An interaction (P = 0.026) of diet × sampling day was observed for cefoxitin where fecal E. coli showed no evidence of treatment differences (P = 0.237) in MIC values at entry, but sows fed the control diet had lower (P = 0.035) MIC values at weaning compared with sows fed yeast additives. There were no diet main effects (P > 0.10) on the resistance of fecal E. coli. There was an increased (P < 0.02) toward resistance for 11 of the 14 antimicrobials over time. Fecal E. coli were resistant to tetracycline and ceftriaxone at weaning. Fecal E. coli were susceptible or intermediate in all sampling days to the remaining antimicrobials. In conclusion, feeding live yeast and yeast extracts tended to increase feed intake during lactation but did not influence either sow or litter performance measurements or the resistance of fecal E. coli during lactation except for cefoxitin, which had a higher MIC at the end of lactation when yeast additives were present in the diet.
总共 80 头母猪（第 241 行；DNA，哥伦布，内布拉斯加州）分为三组分娩，用于研究在哺乳期母猪日粮中添加酵母和酵母提取物对母猪和仔猪生产性能以及母猪粪便大肠杆菌抗微生物药物耐药性（AMR）模式的影响。母猪在妊娠第 110 天按分娩组、体重和胎次分组，然后按 2 种日粮处理中的 1 种进行分配。日粮处理包括含有或不含有基于酵母的预混料和益生菌（0.10% Actisaf Sc 47 HR+和 0.025% SafMannan；Phileo by Lesaffre，密尔沃基，威斯康星州）的标准泌乳日粮。日粮从妊娠第 110 天开始饲喂至断奶（大约分娩后 19 天）。与对照组日粮相比，当母猪饲喂含有酵母添加剂的日粮时，泌乳期间的采食量有增加的趋势（P=0.073）。没有证据表明（P＞0.10）处理会影响其他母猪或仔猪生产性能的测量值。从第一组分娩的 27 头母猪开始，在进入分娩舍时和断奶时收集粪便样本，以确定大肠杆菌的耐药模式。从粪便样本中分离出大肠杆菌，并通过 uidA 和 clpB 基因的 PCR 检测确认种属。使用微量肉汤稀释法测定大肠杆菌分离株对 14 种抗菌药物的最小抑菌浓度（MIC）。根据临床和实验室标准协会的指南，将分离株归类为敏感、中介或耐药。观察到日粮×采样日的交互作用（P=0.026），头孢西丁的结果显示，在进入时，粪便大肠杆菌没有证据表明处理差异（P=0.237），但与饲喂酵母添加剂的母猪相比，饲喂对照组日粮的母猪在断奶时的 MIC 值较低（P=0.035）。日粮对粪便大肠杆菌的耐药性没有主要影响（P＞0.10）。14 种抗菌药物中有 11 种在整个试验期间的耐药性增加（P＜0.02）。在断奶时，粪便大肠杆菌对四环素和头孢曲松有耐药性。在所有采样日，粪便大肠杆菌对其余抗菌药物均敏感或中介。总之，在泌乳期添加活酵母和酵母提取物会增加采食量，但不会影响母猪或仔猪的生产性能，也不会影响泌乳期粪便大肠杆菌的耐药性，除了头孢西丁，当日粮中添加酵母添加剂时，它在泌乳期末的 MIC 值更高。
