Center for Microbial Dynamics and Infection, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Environ Microbiol. 2020 Oct;22(10):4112-4122. doi: 10.1111/1462-2920.14976. Epub 2020 Mar 13.
The type VI secretion system (T6SS) is a proteinaceous weapon used by many Gram-negative bacteria to deliver toxins into adjacent target cells. Vibrio cholerae, the bacterium responsible for the fatal water-borne cholera disease, uses the T6SS to evade phagocytic eukaryotes, cause intestinal inflammation, and compete against other bacteria with toxins that disrupt lipid membranes, cell walls and actin cytoskeletons. The control of T6SS genes varies among V. cholerae strains and typically includes inputs from external signals and cues, such as quorum sensing and chitin availability. In the following review, we highlight the repertoire of toxic T6SS effectors and the diverse genetic regulation networks among different isolates of V. cholerae. Finally, we discuss the roles played by the T6SS of V. cholerae in both natural environments and hosts.
VI 型分泌系统（T6SS）是一种由许多革兰氏阴性菌用来将毒素输送到邻近靶细胞的蛋白质武器。引起致命性水源性霍乱病的霍乱弧菌利用 T6SS 逃避吞噬真核生物、引起肠道炎症，并利用破坏脂质膜、细胞壁和肌动蛋白细胞骨架的毒素与其他细菌竞争。T6SS 基因的控制在霍乱弧菌菌株之间有所不同，通常包括来自外部信号和线索的输入，例如群体感应和几丁质可用性。在下面的综述中，我们强调了毒性 T6SS 效应物的作用，并讨论了不同霍乱弧菌分离株之间的遗传调控网络。最后，我们讨论了霍乱弧菌 T6SS 在自然环境和宿主中的作用。
