Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Glia. 2020 Nov;68(11):2173-2191. doi: 10.1002/glia.23813. Epub 2020 Mar 5.
Widespread tumor cell invasion is a fundamental property of diffuse gliomas and is ultimately responsible for their poor prognosis. A greater understanding of basic mechanisms underlying glioma invasion is needed to provide insights into therapies that could potentially counteract them. While none of the currently available in vitro models can fully recapitulate the complex interactions of glioma cells within the brain tumor microenvironment, if chosen and developed appropriately, these models can provide controlled experimental settings to study molecular and cellular phenomena that are challenging or impossible to model in vivo. Therefore, selecting the most appropriate in vitro model, together with its inherent advantages and limitations, for specific hypotheses and experimental questions achieves primary significance. In this review, we describe and discuss commonly used methods for modeling and studying glioma invasion in vitro, including platforms, matrices, cell culture, and visualization techniques, so that choices for experimental approach are informed and optimal.
广泛的肿瘤细胞侵袭是弥漫性神经胶质瘤的基本特性，也是其预后不良的最终原因。为了提供可能对抗这些侵袭的治疗方法的见解，需要更深入地了解胶质瘤侵袭的基本机制。虽然目前可用的体外模型都无法完全重现脑肿瘤微环境中胶质瘤细胞的复杂相互作用，但如果选择和适当开发，这些模型可以提供受控的实验环境来研究在体内难以或不可能建模的分子和细胞现象。因此，为特定假设和实验问题选择最合适的体外模型及其内在的优缺点至关重要。在这篇综述中，我们描述和讨论了常用于体外模拟和研究神经胶质瘤侵袭的方法，包括平台、基质、细胞培养和可视化技术，以便为实验方法的选择提供信息并达到最佳效果。
