Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
J Infect Dis. 2020 Mar 5;221(Suppl 1):S9-S14. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiz446.
Congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) infection is a leading cause of hearing loss and neurological disabilities in children, with the disease burden and disabilities due to cCMV greater than many other well recognized childhood conditions. A minority of infants with cCMV will have symptoms at birth. Infants with symptomatic cCMV are at higher risk for sequelae than those born without symptoms. The majority of infants with cCMV are asymptomatic at birth, but 10%-15% will develop hearing loss. Although clinical symptoms can help predict which infants will have sensorineural hearing loss, among asymptomatic cCMV there are currently no predictors of adverse outcome. The identification of a biomarker to identify those at highest risk of sequelae is highly desirable to target interventions to those who could potentially benefit. Because there is increasing rationale for establishing both targeted and universal screening programs for cCMV in the United States and worldwide, this is an urgent priority.
先天性巨细胞病毒 (cCMV) 感染是儿童听力损失和神经发育障碍的主要原因，cCMV 导致的疾病负担和残疾比许多其他公认的儿童疾病更为严重。少数患有 cCMV 的婴儿在出生时就会出现症状。有症状的 cCMV 婴儿比无症状出生的婴儿发生后遗症的风险更高。大多数患有 cCMV 的婴儿在出生时无症状，但 10%-15%会出现听力损失。尽管临床症状有助于预测哪些婴儿会出现感觉神经性听力损失，但在无症状的 cCMV 中，目前还没有不良结局的预测指标。确定一种生物标志物来识别那些最有可能发生后遗症的人，是将干预措施针对那些可能受益的人的理想选择。由于在美国和全球范围内，建立针对 cCMV 的靶向和普遍筛查计划的理由越来越充分，这是当务之急。
