人巨细胞病毒感染的临床诊断检测。
Clinical Diagnostic Testing for Human Cytomegalovirus Infections.
机构信息
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
William J von Liebig Center for Transplantation and Clinical Regeneration, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
出版信息
J Infect Dis. 2020 Mar 5;221(Suppl 1):S74-S85. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiz601.
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infections are among the most common complications arising in transplant patients, elevating the risk of various complications including loss of graft and death. HCMV infections are also responsible for more congenital infections worldwide than any other agent. Congenital HCMV (cCMV) infections are the leading nongenetic cause of sensorineural hearing loss and a source of significant neurological disabilities in children. While there is overlap in the clinical and laboratory approaches to diagnosis of HCMV infections in these settings, the management, follow-up, treatment, and diagnostic strategies differ considerably. As yet, no country has implemented a universal screening program for cCMV. Here, we summarize the issues, limitations, and application of diagnostic strategies for transplant recipients and congenital infection, including examples of screening programs for congenital HCMV that have been implemented at several centers in Japan, Italy, and the United States.
摘要
人巨细胞病毒（HCMV）感染是移植患者中最常见的并发症之一，增加了包括移植物丢失和死亡在内的各种并发症的风险。HCMV 感染也是全世界导致先天性感染的主要病原体，比其他任何病原体都多。先天性 HCMV（cCMV）感染是导致感觉神经性听力损失的主要非遗传原因，也是儿童发生严重神经功能障碍的一个根源。虽然在这些情况下，HCMV 感染的临床和实验室诊断方法有重叠，但管理、随访、治疗和诊断策略有很大的不同。到目前为止，还没有一个国家为 cCMV 实施了普遍的筛查计划。在这里，我们总结了诊断策略在移植受者和先天性感染中的问题、局限性和应用，包括日本、意大利和美国的几个中心实施的先天性 HCMV 筛查计划的例子。
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