Kizawa Momoko, Yasuda Toshito, Shima Hiroaki, Mori Katsunori, Tsujinaka Seiya, Neo Masashi
Dep. of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan. Tel +81-72-683-1221, fax +81-72-683-6265.
Med Probl Perform Art. 2020 Mar;35(1):35-41. doi: 10.21091/mppa.2020.1005.
Some forefoot shapes are ideal for pointe work in ballet. Egyptian-type, with the hallux being longest and the remaining toes decreasing in size, and Greek-type, with the second toe longer than the hallux, are considered less optimal for pointe work. Square-type, with the second toe the same length as the hallux, is considered optimal. This study compared postural stability in the bipedal stance, demi pointe, and en pointe between ballet dancers with the two toe types using a stabilometer.
This study included 25 Japanese ballet academy dancers who had received ballet lessons for at least 6 years. Toes were categorized into Egyptian-type (n=14) and square-type (n=11). Bipedal stance, demi pointe, and en pointe were tested. Center of pressure (COP) parameters were calculated from ground-reaction forces using two force plates: total trajectory length (LNG), velocities of anterior-posterior (VAP) and medial-lateral directions (VML), and maximum range displacement in the anterior-posterior (MAXAP) and medial-lateral directions (MAXML). Mann-Whitney U-tests were used to examine differences in COP parameters.
There were no differences in parameters during bipedal stance or demi pointe. However, dancers with Egyptian-type toes had significantly greater LNG (p<0.01), VML (p=0.01), MAXML (p<0.01), and MAXAP (p=0.03) during en pointe.
Ballet dancers with Egyptian-type toes demonstrated greater displacement in the medial-lateral and anterior-posterior directions during en pointe. Ballet dancers should be aware of toe types and sway character to optimize ballet training and balance.
某些前足形状对于芭蕾舞的足尖动作而言是理想的。埃及足型（拇趾最长，其余脚趾依次变短）和希腊足型（第二趾比拇趾长）被认为不太适合足尖动作。方型足（第二趾与拇趾长度相同）被认为是最佳的。本研究使用稳定仪比较了这两种足型的芭蕾舞舞者在双脚站立、半脚尖和全脚尖姿势下的姿势稳定性。
本研究纳入了25名接受芭蕾舞课程至少6年的日本芭蕾舞学员。脚趾被分为埃及足型（n = 14）和方型足型（n = 11）。测试了双脚站立、半脚尖和全脚尖姿势。使用两个测力板根据地面反作用力计算压力中心（COP）参数：总轨迹长度（LNG）、前后方向速度（VAP）和内外方向速度（VML），以及前后方向最大位移范围（MAXAP）和内外方向最大位移范围（MAXML）。使用曼-惠特尼U检验来检验COP参数的差异。
在双脚站立或半脚尖姿势期间，参数没有差异。然而，埃及足型的舞者在全脚尖姿势时的LNG（p < 0.01）、VML（p = 0.01）、MAXML（p < 0.01）和MAXAP（p = 0.03）显著更大。
埃及足型的芭蕾舞舞者在全脚尖姿势时在内外方向和前后方向表现出更大的位移。芭蕾舞舞者应该意识到足型和摇摆特征，以优化芭蕾舞训练和平衡。
