de Mello Michelle Costa, de Sá Ferreira Arthur, Ramiro Felicio Lilian
Laboratory of Human Movement Analysis, Postgraduate Program of Rehabilitation Science, Centro Universitário Augusto Motta, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Laboratory of Computational Modeling and Simulation in Rehabilitation, Postgraduate Program of Rehabilitation Science, Centro Universitário Augusto Motta, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
J Dance Med Sci. 2017 Dec 15;21(4):151-155. doi: 10.12678/1089-313X.21.4.151.
Classical ballet involves the performance of complex movements that require high-level motor skills and good postural control. This study explored postural sway in passé en demi-pointe position in dancers and compared single-leg standing sway (with and without visual restriction) between dancers and non-dancers. Fourteen professional dancers and 14 sex- and age-matched volunteers who were not ballet dancers participated in the study. Participants stood on a force plate on the dominant leg in the following positions: 1. single-leg stance with eyes open (reference task) and with eyes closed and blindfolded for 35 seconds; and 2. passé en demi-pointe position with eyes open for 20 seconds (dancers only). The center of pressure signal was used to calculate the following variables: average velocity; anteroposterior and mediolateral velocity peaks; anteroposterior and mediolateral displacement ranges; average displacement; and ellipse area. Significant interaction effects (p < 0.001, η2 = 0.419) were observed between groups and postural tasks, with higher stabilometric values for the dancer group during the single-leg stance with eyes closed and blindfolded task, as evidenced by the average displacement of 241.0 cm in dancers and 147.1 cm in non-dancers (p = 0.025), and by the ellipse area of 9.5 cm2 for dancers and 4.9 cm2 for non-dancers (p = 0.001). In regard to the positions with eyes open, an increase was noted only in the average sway velocity and mediolateral velocity in passé en demi-pointe position compared with the single-leg stance with eyes open (p < 0.001). Greater postural sway might be interpreted as the result of either inadequate postural stability or exploratory behavior to maintain postural stability in more challenging tasks. It is concluded that professional ballet dancers show greater visual dependency for balance adjustment with reduced influence of the supporting base on postural sway.
古典芭蕾涉及复杂动作的表演，这些动作需要高水平的运动技能和良好的姿势控制。本研究探讨了舞者在半脚尖 passé 姿势下的姿势摆动，并比较了舞者与非舞者在单腿站立摆动（有视觉限制和无视觉限制）方面的差异。14 名专业舞者和 14 名年龄及性别匹配的非芭蕾舞者志愿者参与了该研究。参与者以优势腿站在测力板上，处于以下姿势：1. 单腿站立，睁眼（参考任务）、闭眼并蒙眼 35 秒；2. 半脚尖 passé 姿势，睁眼 20 秒（仅适用于舞者）。压力中心信号用于计算以下变量：平均速度；前后和内外侧速度峰值；前后和内外侧位移范围；平均位移；以及椭圆面积。在组间和姿势任务之间观察到显著的交互作用（p < 0.001，η2 = 0.419），在闭眼并蒙眼的单腿站立任务中，舞者组的稳定测量值更高，舞者的平均位移为 241.0 厘米，非舞者为 147.1 厘米（p = 0.025），舞者的椭圆面积为 9.5 平方厘米，非舞者为 4.9 平方厘米（p = 0.001）可证明这一点。关于睁眼姿势，与睁眼单腿站立相比，半脚尖 passé 姿势下仅平均摆动速度和内外侧速度有所增加（p < 0.001）。更大的姿势摆动可能被解释为姿势稳定性不足或在更具挑战性的任务中维持姿势稳定性的探索行为的结果。结论是，专业芭蕾舞者在平衡调整中表现出更大的视觉依赖性，支撑基础对姿势摆动的影响减小。
