Sharp M A, Legg S J
U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Exercise Physiology Division, Natick, MA 01760.
Am Ind Hyg Assoc J. 1988 Dec;49(12):639-44. doi: 10.1080/15298668891380385.
The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effectiveness of psychophysical lifting training on maximal repetitive lifting capacity. Maximal repetitive lifting capacity was defined as the maximum box mass that could be lifted for 1 hr to a height of 132 cm at a rate of 6 lifts/min. Eight male subjects participated in five psychophysical lifting training sessions each week for 4 weeks. During each session subjects were presented with one empty and one heavily loaded box and asked to adjust the box mass to the maximum load they felt capable of lifting for 1 hr. This load was lifted at a rate of 6 lifts/min to a height of 132 cm for two 15-min periods each session. Heart rate was recorded, and subjects were asked to provide a rating of their perceived exertion. At the end of 4 weeks of training, subjects did not select a heavier training load, exhibit a decreased training heart rate, or report a decreased rating of perceived exertion. The training program did produce a significant increase in 1-hr maximal repetitive lifting capacity, as indicated by a greater box mass selected, but there was no concomitant change in VO2, heart rate, or rating of perceived exertion. It can be concluded that 4 weeks of psychophysical training of inexperienced lifters can produce a substantial increase in work output for a given energy expenditure. These increases are attributed to neural factors (skill, neuromuscular coordination) and to possible increases in the muscular endurance of specific muscle groups occurring with practice.
本研究的目的是确定心理物理学举重训练对最大重复举重能力的有效性。最大重复举重能力定义为在1小时内以每分钟6次的速度将箱子举到132厘米高度时所能举起的最大箱子质量。8名男性受试者每周参加5次心理物理学举重训练课程,共持续4周。在每次训练中,向受试者展示一个空箱子和一个重箱子,并要求他们将箱子质量调整到他们认为能够在1小时内举起的最大负荷。每次训练中,以每分钟6次的速度将此负荷举到132厘米高度,每次持续两个15分钟时段。记录心率,并要求受试者提供他们的主观用力程度评级。在4周的训练结束时,受试者没有选择更重的训练负荷,训练心率没有降低,主观用力程度评级也没有降低。训练计划确实使1小时最大重复举重能力显著提高,表现为选择了更大的箱子质量,但在摄氧量、心率或主观用力程度评级方面没有相应变化。可以得出结论,对没有经验的举重者进行4周的心理物理学训练可以在给定的能量消耗下使工作输出大幅增加。这些增加归因于神经因素(技能、神经肌肉协调)以及随着练习特定肌肉群的肌肉耐力可能增加。