Zbieranowski Ingrid, Murray David
Department of Pathology, St. Michael's Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Endocr Pathol. 1992 Jun;3(2):63-82. doi: 10.1007/BF02921346.
Both DNA flow and image cytometry are methods that can be used for the quantitative determination of cellular DNA content. Objective, quantitative analysis of cellular morphology can also be obtained using image cytometry. Data thus generated have been shown to be of diagnostic and prognostic use in the study of many solid tumors and would be of particular value in the evaluation of endocrine tumors that show a poor correlation between their histology and biological behavior. The main application of these techniques to endocrine tumors has been in the analysis of thyroid nodules, although a limited number of studies of parathyroid, pituitary, adrenal, and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors and tumors of the dispersed neuroendocrine system have been reported. Review of these studies shows that in the endocrine organs DNA and morphometric measurements have a very limited role in the diagnosis of individual cases, but are important as prognostic variables. The high incidence of abnormal DNA content in histologically benign lesions of the endocrine glands has important biological implications. Further investigation of this phenomenon may help to elucidate the process of endocrine tumorigenesis.
DNA 流式细胞术和图像细胞术都是可用于定量测定细胞 DNA 含量的方法。使用图像细胞术还可对细胞形态进行客观、定量分析。由此产生的数据已证明在许多实体瘤的研究中具有诊断和预后价值，在评估组织学与生物学行为之间相关性较差的内分泌肿瘤时将具有特别的价值。这些技术在内分泌肿瘤中的主要应用是分析甲状腺结节，不过也有少量关于甲状旁腺、垂体、肾上腺和胰腺神经内分泌肿瘤以及弥散神经内分泌系统肿瘤的研究报道。对这些研究的综述表明，在内分泌器官中，DNA 和形态测量在个别病例的诊断中作用非常有限，但作为预后变量很重要。内分泌腺组织学良性病变中 DNA 含量异常的高发生率具有重要的生物学意义。对这一现象的进一步研究可能有助于阐明内分泌肿瘤的发生过程。
