Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Int J Inj Contr Saf Promot. 2020 Jun;27(2):181-187. doi: 10.1080/17457300.2020.1724158. Epub 2020 Mar 5.
Road traffic injuries (RTI) cause ∼1.2 million deaths and 50 million injuries annually, disproportionately occurring in low- and middle-income countries. Although policy changes and infrastructural developments have continued to contribute to the decrease in RTI-related deaths, limited studies have investigated the relationship between motorcycle taxi driver behaviors and RTIs in Rwanda. This study aims to describe the safety behaviors of commercial motorcyclists in Kigali, Rwanda. We surveyed 609 commercial motorcyclists in January 2014 then conducted a cross-sectional analysis of the results, including descriptive and bivariate logistic regression analyses. We found that 38.7% of surveyed motorcycle drivers experienced a crash during their lifetime, of which, more than half (n = 134, 56.8%) suffered injuries. Of all injuries, 38.8% (n = 52) resulted in hospitalization, and 14.2% (n = 19) in disability. Among motorcyclists, 100% reported always wearing a helmet, 99% reported always wearing a chin strap, and 98.8% reported always having a passenger helmet. There was an association between sustaining a crash and believing that helmets (p = 0.08) and chin straps (p = 0.05) reduced crash risk. Rwandan commercial motorcyclists demonstrate generally proper safety behaviors, but remain a high-risk occupational group. Road safety policy initiatives have been effective in changing driver behavior regardless of driver safety beliefs.
道路交通事故（RTI）每年导致约 120 万人死亡和 5000 万人受伤，在中低收入国家的发生率不成比例地较高。尽管政策变化和基础设施发展继续有助于减少与 RTI 相关的死亡人数，但有限的研究调查了卢旺达摩托车出租车司机行为与 RTI 之间的关系。本研究旨在描述卢旺达基加利的商业摩托车手的安全行为。我们在 2014 年 1 月调查了 609 名商业摩托车手，然后对结果进行了横断面分析，包括描述性和双变量逻辑回归分析。我们发现，38.7%的被调查摩托车司机在其一生中经历过事故，其中超过一半（n=134，56.8%）受伤。所有受伤者中，38.8%（n=52）需要住院治疗，14.2%（n=19）导致残疾。在摩托车手，100%报告始终戴头盔，99%报告始终系下巴带，98.8%报告始终为乘客戴头盔。发生事故与认为头盔（p=0.08）和下巴带（p=0.05）降低事故风险之间存在关联。卢旺达商业摩托车手表现出普遍的适当安全行为，但仍然是一个高风险的职业群体。道路安全政策举措已经有效地改变了司机的行为，而不管司机的安全信念如何。
