Division of Nutrition, St. John's Research Institute, St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences, Bangalore, India.
Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Population Health, St. John's Research Institute, St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences, Bangalore, India.
Clin Nutr. 2020 Nov;39(11):3251-3261. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2020.02.018. Epub 2020 Feb 24.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Stunting in children is a comorbid condition in undernutrition that may be ameliorated by the provision of high-quality foods that provide protein and micronutrients. Addressing this problem in lower social economic environments requires, in part, affordable and scalable food-based solutions with efficacious food products. Towards this end, biochemical/metabolic indicators for fast-throughput screening of foods and their components are desired. A highly acceptable and economical micronutrient-fortified food product with different levels of legume protein was provided to stunted Indian children for one month, to determine change in their linear growth and explore associated biochemical, metabolomic and microbiome indicators.
A randomized controlled pilot trial was conducted with 100 stunted children (6-10 years of age) to elucidate metabolic and microbiome-based biomarkers associated with linear growth. They were randomized into 4 groups receiving 6, 8, 10 or 12 g of legume-based protein for one month. Anthropometry, blood biochemistry, aminoacidomics, acylcarnitomics and fecal microbiome were measured before and after feeding.
No significant differences were observed between groups in height, height-for-age Z-score (HAZ) or BMI-for-age Z-score (BAZ); however, 38 serum metabolites were altered significantly (Bonferroni adjusted P < 0.1) in response to the interventions. IGF-1 (Insulin like Growth Factor-1) was positively (ρ > 0.2, P = 0.02), while serine and ornithine (ρ < -0.2, P = 0.08) were negatively associated with change in height. Leucine, isoleucine and valine positively correlated (P = 0.011, 0.023 and 0.007 respectively) with change in BAZ. Three Operational Taxonomic Units belonging to Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes (VIP score > 1.5) were significantly correlated with change in height.
In this pilot trial, a number of fasting serum metabolomic and fecal microbiome signatures were associated with linear growth after a short-term dietary intervention. The alterations of these markers should be validated in long-term dietary intervention trials as potential screening indicators towards the development of food products that favor growth. This trial was registered at www.ctri.nic.in as CTRI/2016/12/007564.
儿童发育迟缓是营养不良的一种合并症，可以通过提供富含蛋白质和微量营养素的高质量食物来改善。在较低的社会经济环境中解决这个问题，部分需要具有成本效益和可扩展性的基于食物的解决方案，提供有效的食物产品。为此，需要用于快速筛选食物及其成分的生化/代谢指标。为了确定其线性生长的变化，并探索相关的生化、代谢组学和微生物组学指标，我们向印度发育迟缓的儿童提供了一个月经过高度认可且经济实惠的富含微量营养素的强化食品，其中含有不同水平的豆类蛋白质。
采用随机对照试验，对 100 名 6-10 岁发育迟缓儿童进行研究，以阐明与线性生长相关的代谢和微生物组学生物标志物。他们被随机分为 4 组，接受 6、8、10 或 12 克基于豆类的蛋白质一个月。在喂养前后测量了人体测量学、血液生物化学、氨基酸组学、酰基辅酶 A 组学和粪便微生物组。
各组之间的身高、身高年龄 Z 评分（HAZ）或体重年龄 Z 评分（BAZ）无显著差异；然而，38 种血清代谢物的变化有显著差异（Bonferroni 校正 P < 0.1）。IGF-1（胰岛素样生长因子-1）呈正相关（ρ> 0.2，P = 0.02），而丝氨酸和鸟氨酸呈负相关（ρ< -0.2，P = 0.08）。亮氨酸、异亮氨酸和缬氨酸与 BAZ 的变化呈正相关（P = 0.011、0.023 和 0.007）。属于厚壁菌门和Firmicutes 的三个操作分类单元（VIP 得分> 1.5）与身高的变化显著相关。
在这项试验中，在短期饮食干预后，一些空腹血清代谢组学和粪便微生物组学特征与线性生长有关。这些标志物的改变应该在长期饮食干预试验中得到验证，作为开发有利于生长的食品产品的潜在筛选指标。该试验在 www.ctri.nic.in 上注册，编号为 CTRI/2016/12/007564。
