Kutsche L M, Van Mierop L H
Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville 32610.
Anat Rec. 1988 Oct;222(2):170-6. doi: 10.1002/ar.1092220209.
The origin of the embryonic common pulmonary vein in terrestrial vertebrates is still uncertain. Most earlier studies in nonhuman embryos describe the vein as entering the sinus venosus. The currently prevailing view, however, based largely on the study of human material, is that the embryonic common pulmonary vein is associated with the left atrium from its inception. We recently observed the pulmonary vein entering the sinus venous part of the right atrium in several normal dog embryos of a stage comparable to horizon XIV in man (Streeter: Contrib. Embryol. Carnegie Inst. Wash., 31:53, 1945). In slightly older specimens the vein entered the left atrium just to the left of septum primum. This observation, and the fact that some atrial septal and pulmonary venous anomalies in man still await a plausible pathogenetic explanation, stimulated a restudy of the origin of the vein. The alligator was used because we already had prepared a large number of closely graded serially sectioned embryos for other purposes. Wax plate reconstructions clearly showed that the common pulmonary vein entered the left side of the sinus venosus. With the formation of the atrial septum, this part of the sinus venosus is "pinched off" and becomes incorporated into the left atrium, thus transferring the pulmonary venous ostium to that atrium.
陆生脊椎动物胚胎期肺总静脉的起源仍不明确。大多数早期针对非人类胚胎的研究将该静脉描述为汇入静脉窦。然而，目前基于对人类胚胎材料的研究而流行的观点是，胚胎期肺总静脉从一开始就与左心房相关联。我们最近在几只与人类第XIV期相当阶段的正常犬胚胎中观察到肺静脉汇入右心房的静脉窦部分（斯特里特：《卡内基研究所胚胎学贡献》，华盛顿，第31卷：第53页，1945年）。在稍大一些的标本中，该静脉在原发隔左侧汇入左心房。这一观察结果，以及人类中一些房间隔和肺静脉异常现象仍有待合理病因解释这一事实，促使我们重新研究该静脉的起源。选用短吻鳄是因为我们已经为其他目的制备了大量分级精细的连续切片胚胎。蜡板重建清晰显示肺总静脉汇入静脉窦左侧。随着房间隔的形成，静脉窦的这一部分被“夹断”并并入左心房，从而将肺静脉口转移至该心房。
