Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo Central Hospital, Maputo, Mozambique.
Department of Pathology, Hospital Central da Beira, Beira, Mozambique.
Int J Cancer. 2020 Sep 15;147(6):1629-1637. doi: 10.1002/ijc.32953. Epub 2020 Mar 18.
Results from two recently established population-based registries in Mozambique are reported: Beira in the central region (2014-2017) and Maputo, the capital city, in the South (2015-2017). The results are compared to those from Maputo (Lourenço Marques at the time) in 1956-1960 (appearing Cancer Incidence in Five Continents Vol 1), and with estimated incidence rates from other regions of Africa. The elevated prevalence of HIV infection (12.6% of adults in 2018) results in high rates for HIV-related cancers, and the greater prevalence in central Mozambique, compared to the south, largely explains the rather higher rates of Kaposi sarcoma (males), non-Hodgkin lymphoma, squamous cell carcinoma of conjunctiva and cervical cancer in Beira than in Maputo. Burkitt lymphoma is the commonest childhood cancer in Beira, with high rates typical of East Africa, while the low rates in Maputo are more typical of Southern Africa. Overall, 44% of cancers in Maputo and 52% in Beira are estimated to be caused by infectious agents. In the last 60 years, cancers more frequent in developed countries, such as breast and prostate, are emerging in Mozambique. The incidence of the former in Maputo has increased fivefold since 1956-1960, that of prostate cancer 2.5-fold, and that of large bowel cancer doubled. The results reported here were used to make national estimates of incidence, mortality and prevalence in Globocan 2018. The two registries were important in providing data to establish priority actions in the National Cancer Control Plan, and are a valuable resource to monitor progress toward its goals.
位于中部地区的贝拉（2014-2017 年）和首都马普托（南部，2015-2017 年）。这些结果与 1956-1960 年在马普托（当时称为洛伦索-马贵斯）的结果进行了比较（见《五大洲癌症发病率》第 1 卷），并与非洲其他地区的估计发病率进行了比较。艾滋病毒感染率高（2018 年成年人的感染率为 12.6%）导致与艾滋病毒相关的癌症发病率高，而且与南部相比，莫桑比克中部的感染率更高，这在很大程度上解释了贝拉的卡波西肉瘤（男性）、非霍奇金淋巴瘤、结膜和宫颈癌的发病率高于马普托。伯基特淋巴瘤是贝拉最常见的儿童癌症，其发病率与东非相似，而马普托的低发病率更符合南部非洲的情况。总的来说，马普托 44%的癌症和贝拉 52%的癌症估计是由感染性病原体引起的。在过去的 60 年里，在发达国家更常见的癌症，如乳腺癌和前列腺癌，在莫桑比克也出现了。自 1956-1960 年以来，马普托乳腺癌的发病率增加了五倍，前列腺癌的发病率增加了两倍半，大肠癌的发病率增加了一倍。本文报告的结果用于在 2018 年全球癌症发病率、死亡率和患病率数据库中进行国家估计。这两个登记处为制定国家癌症控制计划的优先行动提供了数据，是监测其目标进展的宝贵资源。
