Prieto-Gómez Ruth, Saavedra-Sepúlveda Araceli, Alvear-Aguirre Grettel, Lazo-Millar Lorena, Soto-Acuña Ana
Magíster en morfología. Profesor asistente, Departamento de Pediatría y Cirugía Infantil, Facultad de Medicina; docente de la carrera de Obstetricia y Puericultura, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco (Chile).
Consultora internacional en lactancia materna - IBCLC, Departamento de Pediatría y Cirugía Infantil, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco (Chile).
Rev Colomb Obstet Ginecol. 2019 Dec;70(4):219-227. doi: 10.18597/rcog.3225.
To explore unsuccessful cases of breast-feeding from the perspective of healthcare professionals working with mothers and babies in the breastfeeding process.
Qualitative study with an exploratory-descriptive scope, approached from the perspective of grounded theory. Healthcare professionals involved in breastfeeding care in Region IX in Chile were asked to analyze their experiences with unsuccessful breastfeeding. The data were digitized and grouped by questions in order to arrive at codes and categories typically used in manifest content analysis. Group analysis with anonymity preservation was used.
Three categories were identified, starting with adverse factors that acted as barriers to successful breastfeeding, such as undesired pregnancy, mother's age and occupation, changes in breastfeeding routines, ineffectual support networks, physical conditions and problems with breastfeeding techniques. On the other hand, absence of protective factors such as comprehensive healthcare, positive reinforcement and job flexibility. The third category had to do with the emotional impact on the mother caused by the inability to breastfeed, which could be overcome by means of family containment and/ or psychological support to help mothers accept unsuccessful breastfeeding.
Healthcare professionals identified factors hindering breastfeeding, some of them amenable to intervention. Emphasis is made on the importance of providing assistance and information, building empathy and giving support to the mother in order to strengthen her confidence in her ability to breastfeed the baby.
从在母乳喂养过程中与母婴打交道的医护人员的角度，探讨母乳喂养失败的案例。
采用探索性描述性的定性研究，从扎根理论的角度进行探讨。邀请智利第九大区参与母乳喂养护理的医护人员分析他们在母乳喂养失败方面的经历。数据被数字化并按问题进行分组，以便得出显性内容分析中常用的代码和类别。采用了匿名保护的小组分析方法。
确定了三类因素，首先是作为成功母乳喂养障碍的不利因素，如意外怀孕、母亲的年龄和职业、母乳喂养常规的改变、无效的支持网络、身体状况以及母乳喂养技巧问题。另一方面，缺乏诸如全面医疗保健、积极强化和工作灵活性等保护因素。第三类与无法母乳喂养给母亲带来的情感影响有关，这可以通过家庭包容和/或心理支持来克服，以帮助母亲接受母乳喂养失败的情况。
医护人员确定了阻碍母乳喂养的因素，其中一些因素可以进行干预。强调了提供援助和信息、建立同理心以及给予母亲支持的重要性，以增强她对自己母乳喂养婴儿能力的信心。
