Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Prev Vet Med. 2020 Mar;176:104939. doi: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2020.104939. Epub 2020 Feb 25.
An epidemiological characterization of human and feline sporotrichosis was carried out between 2016 and 2018, in a high density-populated area in Brazil. Professionals were trained to identify suspect cats and notify vets to interview the owners and collect swabs of the wounds from these animals. Mycological cultures were performed, and colonies identified as Sporothrix spp. Subsequently, data regarding the outcome from suspect animals were collected. Confirmed cases of human sporotrichosis (56) were also counted and analyzed for spatial distribution. 118 positive animals were observed. The prevalence of feline sporotrichosis was 8.36 ‰ (CI 95 %, 5.38-9.55 ‰). The odds for being positive in animals that lived only partially at home were 3.02 times greater than for those cats without access to the street (OR 3.02, CI 95 % 1,96-10,43). There was no statistically significant association between environmental variables and positive diagnosis, corroborating the hypothesis that direct transmission by infected cats plays a greater role in the occurrence and continuous outbreaks of sporotrichosis in Brazil. Among the positive animals, 61.90 % (CI 95 % 58.95-64.96) died, and they had an odds to die in the next six months 6.30 times greater than negative animals (p < 0.05, OR 6.30, CI 95 % 2,79-14,42). The case fatality rate was 55.08 % in cats (CI 95 % 49.20-51.15). The cause-specific death rate was 4.6 ‰ in cats (CI 95 % 3.4-6 ‰). Only 7.62 % (CI 95 % 7.12-8.16) positive cats were treated and cured. Among dead positive animals, 29.23 % were inappropriately discarded. In the study period 56 human cases were recorded in the Barreiro region. Regions with highest prevalence of feline sporotrichosis, had greater frequencies of both human and feline cases. This is the first report on the epidemic of sporotrichosis in Minas Gerais, Brazil. The free offer for treatment and veterinary care for these animals should be taken into consideration, as well as the collection and incineration of the dead ones, as measures of public health, followed by the guidance and care for the human patient.
2016 年至 2018 年，在巴西一个人口密集的地区，对人类和猫科动物孢子丝菌病进行了流行病学特征描述。培训专业人员识别疑似猫，并通知兽医对这些动物的主人进行访谈并采集伤口拭子。进行了真菌培养，鉴定为申克孢子丝菌。随后，收集了疑似动物的结果数据。还统计并分析了 56 例确诊的人类孢子丝菌病病例的空间分布情况。观察到 118 只阳性动物。猫孢子丝菌病的患病率为 8.36 ‰（95%CI，5.38-9.55 ‰）。仅部分时间在家中生活的动物呈阳性的可能性是那些没有接触街道的猫的 3.02 倍（OR 3.02，95%CI 1.96-10.43）。环境变量与阳性诊断之间无统计学关联，这证实了一个假设，即感染猫的直接传播在巴西孢子丝菌病的发生和持续爆发中起着更大的作用。在阳性动物中，61.90%（95%CI，58.95-64.96）死亡，它们在接下来的六个月内死亡的可能性是阴性动物的 6.30 倍（p < 0.05，OR 6.30，95%CI 2.79-14.42）。猫的病死率为 55.08%（95%CI，49.20-51.15）。猫的特定病因死亡率为 4.6 ‰（95%CI，3.4-6 ‰）。仅 7.62%（95%CI，7.12-8.16）的阳性猫得到治疗并治愈。在死亡的阳性动物中，29.23%被不当丢弃。在研究期间，巴雷罗地区记录了 56 例人类病例。猫孢子丝菌病流行率最高的地区，人类和猫的病例频率更高。这是巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州孢子丝菌病流行情况的首次报告。应为这些动物提供免费的治疗和兽医护理，并考虑收集和焚烧死亡动物，作为公共卫生措施，然后为人类患者提供指导和护理。
