McClelland J W, Shih J C
Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695-7608.
Atherosclerosis. 1988 Nov;74(1-2):127-38. doi: 10.1016/0021-9150(88)90199-2.
This study was undertaken to determine the influence of levels of soy protein on cholesterol metabolism and the development of atherosclerosis in Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica). Quail were fed purified diets containing one of four levels (10, 20, 40 or 60%) of soy protein either with (atherogenic) or without (control) 0.5% cholesterol. Results showed that higher proportions of protein (40 and 60%) in atherogenic diets had a preventive effect on the development of atherosclerosis in adult male quail. For the atherogenic diets the higher protein levels resulted in significantly lower serum and aorta cholesterol concentrations than observed with the 10 or 20% protein levels and free of aortic atherosclerosis. A dual isotope technique was used to measure the absorption rates for cholesterol in quail fed with 20 and 40% soy protein. Absorption rates were not affected by the level of dietary protein but were influenced by the presence of dietary cholesterol. Relative rates were 40% in quail fed control diets and 30% in quail fed atherogenic diets. The excretion of neutral sterols, largely cholesterol, and bile acids increased with the high intake of soy protein. These results demonstrate that in quail the presence of higher dietary levels of soy protein has both a hypocholesterolemic action and a preventive effect on cholesterol-induced atherosclerosis and one of the possible mechanisms is through increased excretion of cholesterol.
本研究旨在确定大豆蛋白水平对日本鹌鹑（Coturnix coturnix japonica）胆固醇代谢及动脉粥样硬化发展的影响。给鹌鹑喂食含有四种大豆蛋白水平（10%、20%、40%或60%）之一的纯化日粮，日粮中添加（致动脉粥样硬化）或不添加（对照）0.5%胆固醇。结果表明，在致动脉粥样硬化日粮中较高比例的蛋白质（40%和60%）对成年雄性鹌鹑动脉粥样硬化的发展具有预防作用。对于致动脉粥样硬化日粮，较高的蛋白质水平导致血清和主动脉胆固醇浓度显著低于蛋白质水平为10%或20%时的浓度，且无主动脉粥样硬化。采用双同位素技术测量喂食20%和40%大豆蛋白的鹌鹑对胆固醇的吸收率。吸收率不受日粮蛋白质水平的影响，但受日粮胆固醇存在的影响。对照日粮组鹌鹑的相对吸收率为40%，致动脉粥样硬化日粮组鹌鹑为30%。中性固醇（主要是胆固醇）和胆汁酸的排泄量随着大豆蛋白摄入量的增加而增加。这些结果表明，在鹌鹑中，较高水平的日粮大豆蛋白既具有降胆固醇作用，又对胆固醇诱导的动脉粥样硬化具有预防作用，一种可能的机制是通过增加胆固醇的排泄。
