Barela José A, Tesima Newton, Amaral Vitor da Silva, Figueiredo Gabriella A, Barela Ana Maria F
Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil.
Institute of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Cruzeiro do Sul University, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Neurosci Lett. 2020 Apr 23;725:134890. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.134890. Epub 2020 Mar 4.
Dyslexic children present poorer postural control performance than their peers, perhaps due to different patterns of eye movements. It has been shown that guided eye movements decrease magnitude of body sway in young and older adults, but there is no evidence whether the search for visual information that occurs during eye movements affects postural control in dyslexic children. The aim of this study was to examine the use of guided eye movements and its pattern in the performance of postural control of dyslexic children during upright quiet stance. Twelve children with dyslexia (10.8 ± 1.1 years old) and 12 non-dyslexic children (10.4 ± 1.5 years old) participated in this study. All children were instructed to maintain an upright quiet stance for 60 s either fixating on a target (fixation condition) displayed 1 m ahead in the center of a monitor at eye level, or performing eye movements to follow a target displayed on one side of a monitor, then disappearing and reappearing immediately on the opposite side with a frequency of 0.5 Hz (guided condition). Three trials for each condition were registered. Body sway was measured with an IRED (OPTOTRAK) placed on the children's back. Eye movements were tracked using eye-tracking glasses (ETG 2.0 - SMI). Dyslexic children swayed with larger amplitude under both fixation and guided conditions than non-dyslexic children. Both dyslexic and non-dyslexic children reduced postural sway magnitude under the guided compared to the fixation condition. All children were able to modulate eye movement according to the conditions (fixation and guided) and no difference in eye movements was observed between dyslexic and non-dyslexic children. Eye movements are modulated similarly based upon the visual conditions in dyslexic and non-dyslexic children, and dyslexic children are capable of using available visual information during eye movements to improve postural control, though they do not equal the performance of non-dyslexic children. Eye movement patterns seem not to be related to poor performance of postural control in dyslexic children.
诵读困难儿童的姿势控制表现比同龄人差，这可能是由于眼球运动模式不同。研究表明，引导眼球运动可减少年轻人和老年人身体摆动的幅度，但尚无证据表明眼球运动过程中对视觉信息的搜索是否会影响诵读困难儿童的姿势控制。本研究的目的是检验在直立安静站立期间，引导眼球运动及其模式在诵读困难儿童姿势控制表现中的作用。12名诵读困难儿童（10.8±1.1岁）和12名非诵读困难儿童（10.4±1.5岁）参与了本研究。所有儿童均被要求保持直立安静站立60秒，要么注视位于眼睛水平高度的显示器中央前方1米处的目标（注视条件），要么进行眼球运动以跟踪显示器一侧显示的目标，然后目标消失并立即在另一侧以0.5赫兹的频率重新出现（引导条件）。每种条件下记录三次试验。使用放置在儿童背部的红外电子距离传感器（OPTOTRAK）测量身体摆动。使用眼动追踪眼镜（ETG 2.0 - SMI）追踪眼球运动。在注视和引导条件下，诵读困难儿童的摆动幅度均大于非诵读困难儿童。与注视条件相比，诵读困难儿童和非诵读困难儿童在引导条件下的姿势摆动幅度均减小。所有儿童都能够根据条件（注视和引导）调节眼球运动，诵读困难儿童和非诵读困难儿童之间未观察到眼球运动的差异。诵读困难儿童和非诵读困难儿童的眼球运动根据视觉条件进行类似的调节，并且诵读困难儿童能够在眼球运动期间利用可用的视觉信息来改善姿势控制，尽管他们的表现不如非诵读困难儿童。眼球运动模式似乎与诵读困难儿童姿势控制不佳无关。
