Iyer Pritish, Chen Ming-Huang, Goyal Lipika, Denlinger Crystal S
Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Department of Oncology, Taipei Veteran's General Hospital, Taipei.
Chin Clin Oncol. 2020 Feb;9(1):7. doi: 10.21037/cco.2019.12.11.
Biliary tract cancers (BTCs) are a set of molecularly distinct and heterogeneous diseases. While cytotoxic chemotherapy remains the current standard of care for treatment-naïve and treatment-refractory unresectable disease, recently identified mutations driving oncologic development offer opportunities for targeted therapy. Currently, alterations in the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR), isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH), v-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B (BRAF), DNA damage repair, and HER2 pathways have demonstrated promising new therapeutic avenues, among others, and various studies have demonstrated clinical activity with targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors and/or antibodies. In this review, we will discuss the currently identified targets for therapy in BTCs and review currently available data regarding clinical development of treatment options in these molecularly distinct subsets.
胆道癌（BTCs）是一组分子特征不同且异质性的疾病。虽然细胞毒性化疗仍是初治和难治性不可切除疾病的当前治疗标准，但最近发现的驱动肿瘤发展的突变提供了靶向治疗的机会。目前，成纤维细胞生长因子受体（FGFR）、异柠檬酸脱氢酶（IDH）、v-Raf鼠肉瘤病毒癌基因同源物B（BRAF）、DNA损伤修复和HER2途径的改变已显示出有前景的新治疗途径，此外，各种研究已证明靶向酪氨酸激酶抑制剂和/或抗体具有临床活性。在本综述中，我们将讨论目前在BTCs中确定的治疗靶点，并回顾目前关于这些分子特征不同亚组治疗方案临床开发的可用数据。
