College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China.
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China.
J Environ Manage. 2020 May 1;261:109879. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109879. Epub 2020 Mar 2.
Heavy metal pollution, because of its high toxicity, non-biodegradability and biological enrichment, has been identified as a global aquatic ecosystems threat in recent decades. Due to the high efficiency, low cost, satisfactory recyclability, easy storage and separation, biosorbents have exhibited a promising prospect for heavy metals treatment in aqueous phase. This article comprehensively summarized different types of biosorbents derived from available low-cost raw materials such as agricultural and forestry wastes. The raw materials obtained are treated with conventional pretreatment or novel methods, which can greatly enhance the adsorption performance of the biosorbents. The suitable immobilization methods can not only further enhance the adsorption performance of the biosorbents, but also facilitate the process of separating the biosorbents from the wastewater. In addition, once biosorbents are put into large-scale use, the final disposal problems cannot be avoided. Therefore, it is necessary to review the currently accepted final disposal methods of biosorbents. Moreover, through the analysis of the adsorption and desorption mechanisms of biosorbents, it is not only beneficial to find the better methods to improve the adsorption performance of the biosorbents, but also better to explain the influencing factors of adsorption effect for biosorbents. Especially, different from many researches focused on biosorbents, this work highlighted the combination of biosorbents with catalytic technologies, which provided new ideas for the follow-up research direction of biosorbents. Finally, the purpose of this paper is to inject new impetus into the future development of biosorbents.
重金属污染因其高毒性、不可生物降解性和生物富集性，已被确定为近几十年来全球水生生态系统的威胁之一。由于高效、低成本、令人满意的可回收性、易于储存和分离，生物吸附剂在处理水相中重金属方面表现出了广阔的前景。本文全面总结了不同类型的生物吸附剂，这些生物吸附剂来源于各种低成本的原材料，如农业和林业废物。这些原材料经过常规预处理或新型方法处理，可以极大地提高生物吸附剂的吸附性能。合适的固定化方法不仅可以进一步提高生物吸附剂的吸附性能，而且有利于生物吸附剂从废水中分离出来。此外，一旦生物吸附剂大规模使用，最终的处置问题就无法避免。因此，有必要回顾目前接受的生物吸附剂最终处置方法。此外，通过对生物吸附剂的吸附和解吸机制的分析，不仅有利于找到更好的方法来提高生物吸附剂的吸附性能，而且更有利于解释生物吸附剂吸附效果的影响因素。特别是，与许多专注于生物吸附剂的研究不同，这项工作强调了生物吸附剂与催化技术的结合，为生物吸附剂的后续研究方向提供了新的思路。最后，本文的目的是为生物吸附剂的未来发展注入新的动力。
